
Buok 










Melcb (3cnealoQ^ 



A 



C>^^ .^ 



\ 






(A 



r. 






ERRATA. 

Page 9, married October 4, 165 1, should be December 4, 1651. 

Februarj 24, 1652, should be 1652-3. 
Page 21, Probate Record, 433, 19 and 422, iii, should read 

Bodk 433, page 19. 

Book 422, page 11 1. 
Page 32, Thomas Gatcomb Welch should be Francis Gatcomb Welch. 
Page 43, February 15, 1795, should be February 15, 1794. 
Page 53, death of William Stackpole is August 9 instead of August 10. 
Page 57, Roxana Stackpole Dabney should be Roxana Dabney Stackpole. 
See page 41 for statement about Jackson. Over " whose" write William 
Stagpole, and ward 8 instead of 9. 



INDEX. 



Persons of Surname WELCH. 



Abbj D. . 
Abbie Louise 
Anna Cora 

Benjamin . 
Benjamin . 
Benjamin R. 
Benjamin Renkin 
Benjamin Renkin 
Benjamin Wisner 

Caroline Maria . 
Charles A. or "i 
C. A. ) 

Charles A.^ ISIrs 
Charles A., Jr. 
Charles A. (son 
Charles Paine 
Christopher 



Deborah 

Dorcas 

Dorcas (Gatcomb) 

Ebenezer . 

Ebenezer, Jr. 

Edward Holker . 

Edward Holker . 

Edward Minchin 

Edward Sohier . 

Elise . 

Eliza Hunt (daughter of Thomas F 

Eliza Hunt (daughter of William F 

Elizabeth (ustr. of John of Plymtree 

Elizabeth (w;r. of John, ist) 

Elizabeth (daughter of John, ist) 

Elizabeth ..... 

Elizabeth ..... 

Elizabeth Augusta 



of Franci 



C.) 



Page 

21 

22 
22 

2 
12, 26 

37 

25 

25 

29. 36 



• 29, 35 
I, 15, 26, 27, 29, 33, 34, 38 

42, 51, 62, 65, 67, 68, 69 
. 63,68 

• 34' 51 
35 
38 



8 

II, 12, 24 
II, 24, 25 

2 
2 

29. 36 
31 

29. 33 

35 

22 

23 
21 

I 

2. 3. 5' 6, 7 
I 
12 

39 
22 



INDEX. 



11 



Elizabeth (Hall) 

Elizabeth Jane . 

Elizabeth (Jarvis) 

Emma 

Eugenia Donaldson 



Francis 

Francis 

Francis 

Francis 

Francis 

Francis 

Francis 

Francis 

Francis 

Francis 

Francis 

Frank 

Frank's 

Frank 



(refugee) 
(merchant) 
(son of merchant) 
Boott . 
C. or ^ 
Clarke I 
Clarke, Jr. 
Gatcomb oi 



} 



William 
William, 2d 



son 



} 



Gardner R. or '(^ 
Gardner Rand i 
George 

George Edwin . 
George W. 

Hamilton Wilson 

Hannah 

Harriet 

Harrison G. O. or 

Harrison S. 

Henry Hovey 

Henry Hovey's child 

Hezekiah . 

Hezekiah . 

Hugh Hall 



John (first in this counti'v 
John, 2d . . . 

John, 3d, carver 
John .... 
John (son of William) 
John of Plymtree 
John, Jr. (son of carver) 
John Henry 



10, I 



,28 



29, 3 



Page 
12 

23 
20 

22 

35 



II, 12, 25, 26, 28, 
2, 33. 35> 37> 42, 43. 



34' 

31. 
29, 

26, 27, 



24' 39 

39 
38 
22 



32 

9 

29. 32 

23 

24' 37 

37 

2 

19 
12 



I' 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 25, 28 

I, 9, 10, 25, 28 

13, 14, 15, 20, 21, 24, 25, 28 

19 

20, 21, 23 

I 

II, 12, 15 
23 



37 
60 

29 

34 

38 

34 

32 

30 
31 
37 

37 

38 



IKDEX. 



Ill 



} 



John Ilolker 
John Hunt 
John N. or \ 
John Nojes / 
John P. or ■> 
John Porter / 
Jonas 
Joshua Huntington 

Lizzie Foster 

Margaret Crease (daughter of Francis VV 

Margaret Crease (Stackpole) or 

Margaret C. 

Margaret Hayes 

Margaret Stackpole 

Marianne Humphi-ey 

Marie Eldredge 

Mar}' . 

Mary E. 

Mary Love 

Rachel 
Ralston E. 
Ruth (Stetson) 
Ruth Stetson 

Samuel 

Sarah 

Sarah C. R. or ^ 

Sarah R. j 

Sukey 

Susanna 

Susannah . 

Susanna (Renkin) 

Theodore . 
Thomas 
Thomas 
Thomas, Jr. 
Thomas Francis 
Thomas J. 

Wilfred M. 

William (son of John, ist) 



I Ham) 



Page 

• 29, 36 

21 

24, 25, 26 

24. 37» 38 

19 

• 29, 35 

23 







31 




29. 


43 






31 






29 






31 






22 




9> 


10 






22 


33. 


62, 


68 



35 
37 
38 

12 
12 

21 

25 

2 

25 
25 

29. 35 

I. 4. 5 

15/19 
I 

22 

22 



23 

2,7,8 



INDEX. 



IV 



W'illiani (son of John, carver) 
William E. . . . 

William F. . . . 

William Mariot 
Wilson J. or ^ 
Wilson Jarvis J 
Wilson J., Jr. 



Page 

12, 19, 20, 21 

. . 3S 

21 

. 21, 22 
. 21, 22 



Surnames other than WELCH. 



Abbott, Arthur St. Loe 

Caleb 

Caroline 

Caroline (Livermore) 

Caroline Mercy 

Edward Gardner . 

Fletcher Morton . 

Francis 

Franklin Pierce 

Grafton St. Loe . 

Helen Frances 

Henry Livermore 

Holker Welch 

Josiah G. 

Madeline L. 

Mercy Fletcher 

Samuel A. B. 

Sarah Livermore 

William Stackpole 
Adams, Charles F 

Charles F., 2d 

Marv 

Mary E. 
Allen, John 

Susannah 
Ames, John 
Amory, Anna (Sears) 

Charles Minot 

Francis Inman 

Francis Inman, Jr 

Hannah L. . 

iSIary Josephine 

William 
Appleton, Nathan 



INDEX. 



Vpthorp, Charles Ward 
Arnold, Benedict 

Howard Payson 
Atkinson, George 

Jarnard, Captain 
Harrington, Sarah 
Jartlett, Brother 
Jass, Samuel 
Jeale, Arthur William 

Edward Livermore 
George H. 
Harry St. Loe 
Sarah J. (Livermore) 
Jelcher, Jeremiah 
Jenjamin, Susan Margaret 
Hgelow, Anna S. (Miller) 

Caroline 

Clara . 

George T. 
Hillings, Richard 
Jlagden, Rev. Dr. 

Emily W. 
Joott & Pratt . 
Joott, Ann 

^""°''l(Haden) 
Anne J ^ 

Eliza 

Eliza Haden . 

Ethel Sophia . 

Frances . 

Francis . 

Francis D. B. 

Francis H. 

Frank 

Frederic . 

Frederic Kirk . 

Hugh Hardcastle 

James 

John 

John Wright . 

John Wright, 2d 

Kirk (of England) 

Kirk (of England's) widow 

Kirk (first in Boston) 

Kirk (second in Boston) 



Page 
42 

9 
36 



52 



62 

II. 15 

17 
42 

46 

46 

46 

46 

46 

5 
52 
55 
37 

55 

55 
10 

34 

34 
62 

63 

33. 64, 69 

. 61, 63 

63, 65, 66 

66 

62 

62 

66 

63, 65, 66 

61 

66 

66 

66 

61, 63 

61 

62 

65 
61 

61 

61, 62 

33, 62, 63, 67 



INDEX. 



VI 



Boott, Kirk (third in Boston) 
Kirk (fourth in Boston) 
Kirk 
Kirk 

Kirk & Sons . 
Mary 

Mary Emily 
Mary Love 
Nancy Ann 
Sarah Anne 
William . 
Borland, Rebecca Nelson 
Boyce, Agnes Rose . 
Bracket, Thomas 
Bradford, Brother 
Brewer, Thomas 
Broderick, Elizabeth 
Brooks, Edward 

Edward, Jr. . 
Francis 
Brown, Francis Coen 
Francis Welch 
Hannah G. 
Joseph Mansfield, ist 
Joseph Mansfield, 2d 
Joseph Mansfield, 3d 
Katherine 
Margaret Stackpole 
Mary Virginia 
Susannah 
William 

Case, Caroline . 
Chadwick, Mary 
Chamberlain -» Hannah 
Chamberlaine /Thomas 
Clement, Job, Captain 
Colby, Francis Thompson 

Harrison G. O. 
Cotting, Charles Edward 

Charles Edward, Jr. 
Cousins, Abigail 

Humphrey . 
Crown inshield, Benjamin W 

Caroline Maria, Mrs. 
Edward Augustus, ist 



33 > 



64 
64 
61 
66 
62 

63 
66 

2, 65 
61 
64 
61, 63 
65 
50 
26 
16 

7 
67 
63 
63 
63 
53 
30 
46 

29. 30 
30 
30 
53 
30 
30 
12 

42 

66 

63 
10 

9 

41 
38 
38 
38 
38 
21 
21 

35 

36 

35. 36 



INDEX. 



Vll 



Crowninshield, Edward Augustus, 2d 
Edward Augustus, 3d 
Francis VV. 
Francis Welch 
Frederic . 
Helen Susette 
Mar J (Boardman) 

Cushing, Caleb 

Cuthbert, Ramson Moore 

Cutler, Brother 

Dabney, Alfred Stackpole 

Alfred Stackpole, 2d 

Arthur 

Caroline Miller 

Clara B., Mrs. 

Clara Bigelovv 

Frederick, ist 

Frederick, Jr. 

Frederick, Jr. 

Frederick, 2d 

Frederick Lewis 

George Bigelow 

George Stackpole 

Grace Stackpole 

Grace Stackpole 

Lewis Stackpole 

Roxana, Mrs. 

Susanna Rich 

Walter 

William Stackpole 
Dalton, James . 
De Gersdorff, Alma . 

Carl August 
Caspar 
Josephine 
Denison, Adna T. 

Frank Winsor 
De Lecluse, Antoine Le Roy 
Derby, George . 

George, Mrs. 
Dexter, Maria 
Dudley, J. . 

Joseph . 
Dutton, Warren 
Dwight, Charles 



Page 

35 
36 
35 
36 
35 
35 
35 

51 
68 

17 

5fi 
56 
56 
55 
55 
55 

55> 57 
55 
55 
56 
55 
56 
56 
56 
57 
55 
55 
56 

54' 56 
55 
42 
36 
36 
36 
36 
21 
21 

31 
48 

48 

48 

4 

3 

64 
31 



INDEX. 



Vlll 



Dwight, Charles 
Eliza A. 
Wilder 
William 

Eades, Edward . 

Earle, 

Edes, Nancy 
Edwards, David 

Mary . 

Susanna 



Fairbanks, Augusta (Reed) 
Helen Susette 
Williain Nelson 
Farren, Miss 
Fay, Edward H. 
Joseph S., 3d 
Katherine . 
Richard 
William P. 
Folsom, Albert A. 
Fowler, Ann Scott 
Freeman, Brother 
J., Rev. 
Fre^'brodt, Marie C 
Frothingham, Harriet 
James K. 
Sarah B. 

Gallagher, William 

Gatcomb, Abigail 
Dorcas 
Francis 
Rachel 

Gillieu, . 

Goddard, Mary . 

Gotf, Rachel 

Goodnow, Daniel 

Grafton, Charles Chapman 
Edward Clarke 
Henry Dearborn 
John Gurley 
James Ingersol 
Joseph, Major 
Joseph, Jr. . 



31 
31 
31 
31 

2 
26 
12 
25 
25 
25 

35 

35 

35 
61 

49 
31 
49 
49 

49 
II 

46 

16, 17 

28 

31 
39 
39 
39 

43 
II 

II. 25 
1 1 

11,12 
56 

48 
II 
22 

59 
59 

58 
59 
59 

58 
58 



IIS^DEX. 



IX 



Grafton, Joshua 

Ljdia (Masury) 
Maria Josephine 
Green -i Peter . 
Greene i Sally . 
Green leaf, Dorcas 
George 
Joseph 
Oliver 

Oliver Cromwell 
Ruth 
Greenough, John 
Greenwood, Samuel 
Gregg, Henry Lewis 
Gridley, Jeremy 
Grosse, Abigail 
Thomas 
Gurley, Anna Maria 

Grace Hanfield (Stackpole) 
John, Rev. 
John Ward 



Haden, Ann 

Charles 
Frederic 
Harriet . 
Henry . 
John, Rev. 
John Clark 
Mary Rebecca 
Richard 
Sarah 

( WalHs or 
\ Wallace 
Thomas 
Hall, Alfred B. . 
Elizabeth . 
Elizabeth (Pitts) 
Hugh 
Hanfield, Colonel 
Hardcastle, Mary 
Harloe, Robert . 
Harrison, Emm.a 
Hajes, Ruth 
Hemmingway, Joshua 
Hodgdon, Alexander 



Sarah 



} 



Page 

58 

58 

59 
12 

12 

^4 

^4 

24 

H 
24 

3. 6, 7 

3 

47 

26 

9 
9 

58 
58 
58 
58 

62, 64, 67 

67 

67 

67 

67 
69 

67 

67 

67 
67, 69 

33. 67 

33' ^^7' 69 

3^ 

12 

12 
12. 21 

41 
63 

4 
67 
31 

7 



INDEX. 



X 



Hodgdon, Nancy 

Holker, Anna Maria Adelaide 

John . 

John, Mrs. 
Homer, Susan Hurd 
Hopkins, Enoch 
Howard, Charles Tasker 
Howland, George S. 
Humphrey, Benjamin 
Marj' Anne 
Orient Turner 
Hunt, Elizabeth 



Page 

51 

44 
44 
44 

49 

18 

31 
53 
30 
30 
30 
21 



Ingraham, Duncan 

Jackson, Ann 

Elizabeth Cabot 

Francis H. . 

James, Dr. . 

James . 

James, Jr. 

John 

Madeline 

Patrick 

Rebecca Borland 

Sarah Anne (Boott) 

Thomas 
James, Eric Houghton 

Heather Houghton 
Philip Douglas Houghton 
Winsome Bridget . 



42 

41 
65 
64 

64 

65 

65 

17 

65 

64 

65 

65 

41 
68 

68 

68 

68 



Kennedy, Duncan 
Edward 
Fanny Arnold 
Felix B. . 
Felix V. . 
George S. . 
Margaret S. 
Mary Pauline 
Maud 

Larkin, Charles . 

Harriet H. . 
Lecluse (see de Lecluse) 



30 
30 
30 
30 
30 
30 
30 
30 
30 

5^> 
56 

31 



TXDEX. 



XI 



Lee, George C, Jr. 
George Cabot 
James Jackson 
Leman, Emma . 

Fanny Octavia 
Frank Haden 
Frederic 

Frederick Adolphus 
George Charles 
George Keene 
Harriet, Mrs. 
Harriet 
Henry Rellis 
Jenny, H. M. 
Neva Emily . 
Sarah 
William 
Leonard, Charles W. 
Lewis, Joseph . 
Lincoln, Roland C. . 
Linden, Augustus 
Livermore, Ann Grace 

Arthur Brown 

Arthur Dorr 

Caroline . 

Edward St. Loe 

Edward St. Loe 

Edward St. Loe, Jr. 

Elizabeth Brown 

Elizabeth Brown 

George Williamson 

George Williamson 

Grace 

Grace Ann 

Henry 

Henry Abbott 

Henry Jackson 

James Homer 

James Homer 

Jane (Brown) 

Mary Jane 

Samuel . 

Samuel 

Sarah Crease (Stackpole) 

Sarah Jane 



Pafje 

65 
65 

68 
68 

68 

68 
68 
68 
68 
68 
68 
68 

67 
68 

22 

51 

S3 
6 

47 
47 
50 
47 
44' 52 
49 
46 
46 
47 
47 
47 
50 

47 
49 
50 
49 
49 
50 
45 
50 
45 
5- 

44. 46, 57 
46 



IXDEX, 



Xll 



Livermore, Sarah Stackpole 

William Stackpole 

Lockwood, A. Dunbar 

Grace Stackpole 
Thomas St. John 

Love, Mary 

Lvman (George W.'s wife) 
William 

Main, Sarah 
Martjn, EdAvard 
Sarah . 
May, William 
Mead, Dora Neva 

George Jackson 

George Jackson, Jr. 

George N. P. . 
Miles, Helen Frances 
Mills, Marion . 
Minot, Calla Smith . 

Charles Henry 

Charles Henry, Jr. 

George . 

Grace Josephine 

John 

Joseph Grafton 

Joseph Grafton Winthro 

Maria Josephine, Mrs. 
Moody, Paul 
Morton, Chief Justice 

Marcus 
Motley, J. Lothrop 

Nelson, George Wasliington 

Hugh M. 

Hugh M., Mrs. 

Hugh Mortimer 

Hugh Mortimer, Ji 

Nancv Adelaide 

Nannie A. 

Sally Page 
Newman, Eliza, Mrs. 
Noyes, John 

Susanna 

Oakes, Charles . 



INDEX. 



Xlll 



Oakes, James 

James, Jr. 
Margaret 
Sarah Ann 
Thomas 

Omerad, Annie 

Osgood, Katharine C 

Parker, . 



Ann 
George 
Samuel 
Susan . 
Parsons, Chief Justice 

Martha Watson 
Partridge, Rachel 

William . 
Patterson, Emmeline (Dabney) 
Pemberton, George . 
Perry, George . 
Phillips, Anna Dunn 

Anna Tucker 

Caroline Crowninshie 

Elizabeth 

Emily Blagden . 

Emily Susan 

George W. . 

George Wendell 

Hannah 

Hannah 

Hannah (Salter) 

Harriet 

Harriet (Welch) 

John . 

John . 

John Charles, Rev 

John Charles 

John Charles, Jr. 

Margaret Welch 

Martha Robeson 

Miriam Walley 

Nicholas 

Sally (Walley) 

Thomas 

Wendell 

William 



Id 



Mrs. 



Page 
67, 69 
69 
69 
69 
69 
67 

57 



32, 3: 



INDEX. 



XIV 



Phillips, William 
Pierce, Benjamin 

Elizabeth 

Hannah 

John 
Pitts, Elizabeth 
Plavfair, Dr. 

Lord . 
Pratt, II. C. 
Prescott, Benjamin 

M. E. A. C, 

Ralston, Robert 
Rand, Lydia H. 
Rankin (see Renkin) 
Read, Charles C. 
Remsen, Elizabeth 
Renkin or -j Benjamin 
Rankin j Susanna 

Susanna (Noyes) 
Roberts, Oliver Ayer 
Robertson, Mary 
Robinson, George 

John 

Mary 
Rogers, Elizabeth 
Rollins, William Herbert 
Rowe, John 

Royston, Mary Virginia 
Ruggles, Helen 
Russell, Miss 

Saunders, Ann Grace 

Charles Gurley 
Daniel 

Edith St. Loe 
Frederick Abbott 
Mary Livermore 

Scollay, Brother 

Sears, Albertina (Shelton) 
Frederic R. 
Tina Shelton 

.,, . f Abigail ^ 

Edward 
Joseph 



II 



Page 

33 

41 
40 

41 

41 
12 

69 
69 
26 

37 
37 

63 
37 

22 

58 

25 

25 

25 
12 

5 
, 12 

5.6 

I 

33 
26 

30 
66 

69 

50 
50 
50 
50 
50 
50 
17 
56 
56 
56 



9 
9 



16, 



rN^DEX. 



XV 



Shippen, Margaret . 

Skinner, Emeline G. 
Hannah 
John . 

Sohier cS: Welch 

Sohier, Edward 
Edward 
Edward D. . 
Edward Dexter 
Edward S. 
Rachel (Stille) 
William D. . 

Stackpole 

Stagpole 

Stagpoole 



Alice 

Edith V. . 

Elizabeth Virginia 

Emmeline Dabney 

Frederick Dabney 

Frederic Dieman 

Grace 

Grace Hanfield 

Grace Hanfield Gurley 

Henry 

Henry, Jr. 

J. Lewis . 

James, ist 

James, 2d 

James, 3d 

John W. Gurley 

Joseph Lewis, ist 

Joseph Lewis, 2d 

Joseph Lewis, Jr. 

Joseph Lewis, Jr. 

Margaret Crease 

Mary 

Nancy Davis 

Philip 

Priscilla . 

Roxana 

Roxana Dabney 

Sarah Crease . 

Susan Margaret 

Susan Margai-et 



Page 

9 

37 
38 
38 
59 
34 
34 
34 
34 
34 
34 
34 



40 



53 
54 
53 

57 
57 
55 
54 
58 
52 
54 
54 

54 

40 

41 

41 

57 

52, 53 

52, 54 

53 

53 
28, 60 

40 

43 
40 

54 
57 
57 
44 
53 
54 



55 



INDEX. 



XVI 



Stagpoolc, William, ist 
William, Mrs. 
William . 
William . 
William, Jr. (2d) 
WMlliam Ames 
Stetson, David . 
Ruth . 
Sarah L. 
Stillman, Frederick . 
George W. 
John . 
John M. 
Samuel 
Samuel, Rev. 
William Augustus 
Strausch, Jenny 
Sullivan, James 



28, 41, 42, 43, 



44, 46, 58, 60 
42 

53. 54 

54 

51,58 



14, 



Talbot, Charles N. 

Charles N., Jr. 
Charles Nicoll, Jr. 
Charlotte 
Tatterson, John 
Thatcher, Elizabeth Fearing 
Thayer, Edith . 

Frederic W. 
Maria Wilder (Phelps) 
Thompson, Charles . 
Francis . 
Mary Catharine 
Nancy 

Ruth Stetson 
Thornton, Timothy . 
Trull, Elizabeth 
Tucker, Alanson 
Anna R. 
John 

Martha (Robeson) 
Turell, Daniel . 
Tyng, Edward . 



Value, Elizabeth 
Vaughan, John . 
Veassey, Martha 



54 
2 

12 



INDEX. 



XVll 



Vesin, Mrs. 

Vivian, James, D.D. . 

Mary Rebecca, Mrs. 



Page 

56 

• 67, 69 

68 



Waddelton, Elizabeth 

John 
Waldo, Anne 

Jonathan 
Warkman, Martha 
Samuel 
Warren, J. Collins, Dr. 
James . 
Margaret 
Margaret 
Washburn, Maurice . 
Webb, Deborah 

John, Rev. 
Wellington, Duke of 
Wells (see Wills) 
Welsh, Jane Kilb}' 

John 

John 

John, Jr. 

Thomas 
Wheeler, Moses 
White, Daniel Appleton 

Edward . 

Elizabeth 

John 

Thankful 
Whitman, Benjamin . 
Wilkinson, Lieut. 
Williams, Francis H. 
Wills or Wells, William, Rev 
Wilson, Miss . 

Jane Mariot 
Winchester, James T 
Winslow, Joshua 
Winsor, Henry, Jr. 

Louisa 
Winter, Francis, Rev 
Francis B. 

Julia E. 
William 
Winthrop, Honora Elizabeth Temple 



15' I 



38 

38 

42 

42 

5 

5 

53 
40 

40 

40 

48 

2 

II 

63 

18 

5» 17, 18 
6, 17, 18 

14 
42, 43 

31 

5>6 

I 

I' 5 

5 
28 

I 

33 
62 

61 

31 
29 

42 

65 

63 
1 1 

: 1 

1 1 

1 1 

60 



INDEX. xviii 

Pag^e 

Winthrop, Thomas Liiidall ........ 60 

Woart, John ........... 18 

Wood, Abbv Frances ......... 48 

Wright, John 61 

York, Duke of .......... . 63 




JOHN WELCH, FIRST IN THIS COUNTRY. 

John Welch, first in this country, married EHzabeth 
White, daughter of John White of Boston, joiner. 

(Charles A. Welch has found somewhere a reference to 
the honored father of John Welch, Christopher Welch, 
of Plymtree, Devonshire, England, husbandman. 

(At one time Charles A. Welch supposed that John 
Welch, first in this country and master of the '' Sea Flower," 
was the son of Christopher Welch of Plymtree, Devon- 
shire, England. This was an error. Christopher Welch 
as the father of John Welch, one of the marines of his 
Majesty's ship, the "Success," had a wife, Elizabeth, lived 
in Boston, and died in 1744.) 

John Welch, first in this country, lived on Prince street, 
Boston; paid taxes as follows (see vol. i of Reports of 
Record Commissioners) : page 91, for 1687, two shillings ; 
page 134, for 1688, and page 170 shows that he was an in- 
habitant of Boston. His first child, John, was born in 
1682. (See Ninth Report of Record Commissioners, page 
159.) He was therefore here in 1682. 

His children were : 

I. John Welch, born July 22, 1682, married Hannah 
Phillips January 23, 1706. 

II. Thomas Welch, born January 9, 1686, married Eliz- 
abeth Rogers December i, 1709, and had a son, Thomas, 
born October 17, 17 12. 

III. Elizabeth Welch, born June 3, 1689, married Lieu- 
tenant Wilkinson. 



IV. Rachel Welch, born January 12, 1693, married 
John Vaughan May 20, 17 17. 

V. Susanna Welch, born April 29, 1696, married Ed- 
ward Eades July 15, 1714. 

VI. William Welch, born September 18, 1698, married 
Deborah Webb June 4, 1723. 

VII. Benjamin Welch, born June 9, 1701. 

VIII. Ebenezer Welch, born January 27, 1704, married 
Susannah Allen August 10, 1732, and had a son — 

1. Ebenezer Welch, born April 16, 1733, and a son — 

2. Hezekiah Welch, born August 26, 1734. 

In Suffolk Probate Records, libro 18, folio 305, May i, 
1714, is the will of John Welch, mariner. 
His wife, Elizabeth, appointed executrix. 

The will is dated July 14, 1704, and is as follows : — 
Recites that he is bound out on a voyage to sea and 
knowing the uncertaint}^ of life, etc., makes his last will. 

"I do hereby will, give and bequeath unto my be- 
loved wife, the use, improvement and income of all 
and singular my estate, housing, lands, goods and 
chattels, debts, and money during the time of her 
being my widow, vizt. : so long as she shall remain 
my widow. I also give unto her, my said wife, one 
third part of my estate at her own disposal forever. 

"Item. I do will and order that when my youngest 
child shall arrive at the age of one and twenty years 
or day of marriage, my estate shall be equally divided 
among all my children that shall then be living, to 
each of them part and part alike, excepting such part 
thereof as is before bequeathed to my said wife vizt : 
one third part as aforesaid and I do hereby nominate, 
ordain and appoint my said beloved wife, Elizabeth 



Welch sole Executrix of this my last will and testa- 
ment and do revoke all former and other wills by me 
formerly made whether by word or writing. 

"In testimony whereof I have to this my present will 

set my hand and seal the 14th day of July 1704. 
" In the third year of her maj*^*' Reign &c 

"JOHN WELCH [seal] 

" Signed and sealed, published and declared by said 
John Welch to be his last will and testament in 
presence of 

" Daniel Turell, 
" Sam'l Greenwood, 
"John Greenough." 

Turell was at one time a selectman of Boston. 

John Welch, mariner, died in 17 14. 

Elizabeth is spoken of in deed recorded libro 29, folio 
116, dated February 8, 17 14, as his widow. 

In the archives of the General Court at the State House, 
vol. 63, pp. 154-156, is the following : — 

"To his Excellency, Joseph Dudley Esq. Captain 
General and Governor in Chief of Her Majesty's 
Province of Massachusetts Bay, in New England & 
the Hon the Councill & Representatives in General 
Court Assembled : The petition of John Welch of 
Boston humbly showeth : That the petitioner was 
impressed as Commander of the Sloop Sea Flower 
sent by this Court in the year 1704, as a Packet boat 
to England & had the misfortune to be taken by the 
French near the Lands End of England & carried 
into France whereby your petitioner with his son 



(Thomas) (chief mate of the said Vessel) & a servant 
were not only deprived of their liberty for a consid- 
erable time, but lost their clothes, books & instruments 
besides their time, so that your petitioner has sustained 
more than ioo£ damage, by being taken in the pub- 
lic service as aforesaid & has as yet no consideration 
for his said service & loss, nor would at this time have 
troubled tliis Honorable Court with his petition but 
that he has been a great part of his time since disabled 
by sickness from providing for his family, which are 
numerous & chargeable. Your petitioner therefore 
humbly prays Your Excellency &; Honors to take the 
premises into your favorable consideration & grant 
him such allowance for the services & damage afore- 
said & for hire of the said vessell (whereof your peti- 
tioner was part owner) to the time she was taken, as 
in your wisdom shall seem meet & as you have been 
pleased in your justice to grant to others in like cir- 
cumstances. And 3^our petitioner as in duty bound 

shall ever pray &c. 

JOHN WELCH. 

"Boston, May 31, 1710. 

"In House of Rep. June 16. read & committed. 

" Resolved that there be allowed & paid out of the 
public Treasury to the petitioner in behalf of himself 
& the rest of the late owners of the Sloop Sea Flower 
for the hire of said sloop the sum of 48<£ & for wages 
of petitioner, his son & servant Robert Harloe i8£ i8s. 

" Consented to. 
"J. DUDLEY. 

"Sent up for concurrence. 

"In Council — June 19, 1710. Read & not con- 
curred to the ^8£ for hire. Government having paid 



the full cost of the vessel, but agreed to i8£ as gra- 
tuity to petitioner for self, son & servant. 

"Sent down for concurrence. 

"In House of Representatives, June 20, 17 10. 
Read & concurred. 

" (The Sloop Seaflovver taken up July 4, 1704. 

"John Welch Commander entered July 4 at $£ mo 

"Thomas Welch mate entered July 4 at 3£-ios 
mo)." 

In the Suffolk Registry of Deeds, libro 21, folio i, is 
a deed dated March 30, 1702, from Edward White, cooper,^ 
son of John White, joiner, John Welch, mariner, and 
Elizabeth his wife, daughter of John White, Edward Mar- 
tyn of Boston, merchant, and Sarah his wife, another 
daughter, Samuel Warkman of Rhode Island, house- 
wright, and Martha his wife, a daughter, Mary Robertson, 
a daughter, widow, and Thankful White, spinster, to 
Jeremiah Belcher, conveying 200 acre farm and 10 acres 
of salt marsh in Rumney Marsh, Boston, and 7 acres 
meadow in Maiden. 

April 27, 1702, Suffolk Registry, libro 24, folio 131, is 
a deed from the same, except Mary Robinson, to Mary 
Robinson of a house and ground, same in which John 
Robinson lived, formerly in possession of John White, in 
Boston, bounded north-east by the highway to Charles- 
town ferry "over against the house now in possession of 
John Welch . . . being 36x38^ feet. Also one garden 
plot next above those now set off to John Welch and 
Edward White up to the end of house lot set off to Samuel 
Warkman. Said plot being 67 feet by 38 feet, with privi- 
lege of pump and an alley 4 feet wide to be up through 



6 



John Welch's & Edvvd White's garden plots to s'd 
Robinson's garden," etc. 

Februar3^8, 1714/1715, Suffolk Registry, libro 29, folio 
116, is a mortgage from Elizabeth Welch, widow of John 
Welch, manner, i2o£ to Edward Martyn, one-third part 
(see will) in her husband's estate bounded southwest on 
the street leading to Charlestown ferry (Prince street), 
northwest by lands of Augustus Linden, southeast by 
land of John Greenough, 38^ feet broad and in length 
from front to low water. Condition of this mortgage was 
65JC and interest to be paid August 8, 1716. Recorded 
March 23, 17 14, and discharged August 9, 1739, by 
Sarah Martyn, executrix of Edward Martyn. 



ESTATE ELIZABETH WELCH. 

(Widow of John Welch, first in this country.) 

September 7, 1753, Suffolk Probate Records, libro 48, 
folio 389, William Welch, shipwright, was appointed ad- 
ministrator of estate of his mother, Elizabeth Welcli. B}' 
her inventory she owned a house and wharf in Boston, 
appraised at 76£. Also that John Greenough was her 
tenant. 

July 5, 1755, Suffolk Registry, libro 88, folio 72, Wil- 
liam Welch, administrator of Elizabeth Welch, widow, by 
virtue of power given him by the Great and General Court 
April 26, 1755, to convey all the real estate of said de- 
ceased, conveyed to Thomas Brewer and Timothy Thorn- 
ton dwelling house and land under and belonging to the 
same at the north part of Boston, bounded southwest on 
highway leading to Charlestown ferry, northwest by land 
of Joshua Hemmingway, southeast on land of heirs of 
John Greenough. Is 38 J feet wide, and runs from the 
street down to low- water mark. Also a piece of garden 
near the preceding land bounded northwest with the alley 
or highway, southwest by land formerly of Mary Robin- 
son, southeast on land of heirs or assigns of John Green- 
ough. Breadth at upper end 23 feet, at lower end 22 feet, 
and 60 feet long. Dated July 5, 1755, acknowledged 
before John Phillips, justice of the peace, and recorded 
February 19, 1756. 

For deed to William Welch see Suffolk Registry, libro 
56, folio 151, dated June 5, 1729. Land on south side 
Leverett street, west part of Boston. For assignment of 
mortgage (51-36) see libro 85, folio 218, dated January 



8 

lo, 1746. For deeds from William Welch, and from him 
and his wife, Deborah, see Suffolk Registry, libro 85, 
folio 98, dated February 8, 1754; libro 85, folio 219, 
dated August 2, 1754, ^"^^ ^^^ro 86, folio 263, dated April 

4' 1755- 

In Suffolk Probate Records, libro 59, folio 349, October 

30, 1 761, John Allen, blacksmith, was appointed adminis- 
trator of William Welch. 



JOHN WELCH, MARINER. 
(Son of John Welch, first in this country.) 

John Welch, 2d, mariner, born in Boston July 22, 1682, 
married, Januar}^ 23, 1706, Hannah Phillips (born Sep- 
tember 7, 1690) daughter of Thomas Phillips and Hannah, 
his first wife. Thomas Phillips was son of Nicholas and 
Hannah (Salter) Phillips (married October 4, 1651), and 
was born October 19, 1667. 

A daughter of Nicholas and Hannah Phillips, named 
Elizabeth, born February 24, 1652, married Thomas Grosse, 
and her daughter Abigail, born October 25, 1677, married 
Joseph Shippen August 5, 1702. He was a Quaker, and 
after their first child was born they went to Philadelphia 
to live. 

Margaret Shippen, who married Benedict Arnold, was 
born June 11, 1760, and was the daughter of Edward 
Shippen, Chief Justice of Pennsylvania, born in Phila- 
delphia February 16, 1729, who was the son of Edward 
Shippen, the eldest child of said Abigail and Joseph, and 
was born in Boston, July 9, 1703. 

John Welch died before 1715. 

Boston deaths, 1700 to 1800, examined and no record 
found. His widow, Hannah Welch, married Thomas 
Chamberlain August 18, 17 15. 

The children of John Welch were : 

I. Mary, born August i, 1709. 

n. John Welch, born August 19, 171 1. 

In Suffolk Probate Records, libro 24, folio 479, is the will 
of Thomas Phillips, dated December 25, 1725, proved May 
9, 1726, which is as follows : — 

" I give & bequeath to my granddaughter Mary 
Welch when she shall arrive at the age of 21 years, 



10 



or day of marriage, whichever shall ist happen, the 
sum of 5oo<£ & in meantime her mother Hannah 
Chamberlaine to have the use & improvement thereof 
for her own support & maintenance. 

"I give & bequeath to my grandson John Welch, 
when he shall arrive at the age of 21 years the sum 
of 400<£, and my \\\\\ is that his mother Hannah 
Chamberlaine aforenamed shall have the improve- 
ment thereof to enable her to perform my contract 
with his master, to whom he is bound an apprentice." 

July 8, 1728, Suffolk Probate Records, libro 26, folio 
341, is guardianship Mary Welch, a minor, aged about 19 
years, daughter of John Welch, late of Boston, deceased. 

"have named, ordained & made, my cousin, George 
Pemberton of Boston, to be my Guardian, with full 
power & authority for me & in my name & my use, to 
ask, demand, sue for, recover, receive and take into 
his possession & custody all & singular such part & 
portion of estate as accrues to me in right of my father 
aforesaid, or which by any other way or means what- 
soever doth of right appertain to belong to me. And 
to manage, employ & improve the same for my best 
advantage & profit during my minority & to do all & 
whatsoever may be necessary in & about the prem 
ises, as fully & effectually to all intents & purposes 
as I mvself might or could do personally, being of 
full age, praying that he may be accordingly accepted 
in the same power & trust." 

In the 28th Report of the Record Commissioners is the 
marriage of a Mary Welch to Richard Billings October 17, 
1728. 



JOHN WELCH, CARVER, THIRD IN THIS 

COUNTRY. 

John Welch, carver, born x\ugust 19, 171 1, married, 
January 9, 1734, Sarah Barrington, granddaughter of 
George Robinson, carver (born March 30, 1658), and 
had one son, John Welch, born September 11, 1735. She 
died in 1736, aged nineteen years. 

His second marriage, October 29, 1741, was to Dorcas 
Gatcomb (born February 23, 1723), Rev. John Webb 
officiatinir. She was the daugrhter of Francis and Rachel 
Gatcomb (born Goff, first husband William Partridge), who 
were married August, 172 1. 

Rachel Partridge was born in 1701, and tomb 59 in 
Granary Burying Ground, in which many of the Welches 
were buried, is marked "Francis Gatcomb." 

Francis Gatcomb was born in Wales in 1693, and died 
in Boston in 1744, his will being dated June 27, 1744, and 
proved August 17, 1744. 

His daughter Abigail married William Winter. This 
William Winter had a son, Rev. Francis Winter, whose 
name appears in the Harvard catalogue, class of 1765. 
Julia E. (daughter of Francis B.) Winter, born in Boston 
October 27, 1836, married, April 11, 1861, Albert A. 
Folsom, born in Exeter, N.H., September 13, 1834, who 
was for some years superintendent of Boston & Providence 
Railroad. 

By his second wife, who died before 1752 (but of whose 
death there is no record), he had two children, Dorcas 
Welch, born about 1742, and Francis Welch, born about 
1744. 



12 



His third marriage (of which there is no record) was 
before 1760, to Elizabeth Hall, daughter of Hugh Hall 
and Elizabeth Pitts (who were married October 31, 1722). 
She (Elizabeth [Hall] Welch) died April 26, 1790, aged 
sixty-four years, and the Suffolk Probate Records of the 
distribution of her estate, book 90, page 740, show that 
she left nine children, Hugli Hall, Elizabeth, Samuel, 
Benjamin, Sally Green, Martha Veassey, Nancy Edes, 
Susannah Brown, and William Welch. 

William Welch was granted administration on her estate, 
and Samuel Welch of Providence and Peter Greene of 
Boston were sureties on his bond. 

September 26, 1744, John Welch was appointed guar- 
dian of his son John (Suffolk Probate Record, book 37, 
page 257), a minor about nine years old, to receive what 
came to him from his great-grandfather, George Robin- 
son, who by his will, dated August 17, 1737, proved August 
31, 1737, bequeathed to John Welch, son of John and 
Sarah Welch, his "History of New England" and part of 
his estate. Said will is recorded Suffolk Probate, 33,271. 

September 17, 1756, he was appointed guardian of Dor- 
cas Welch, a minor over fourteen years old, and of Francis 
Welch, for what came to them from their grandmother 
Rachel Gatcomb, whose will, dated October 25, 1752, was 
proved November 24, 1752. She left Dorcas and Francis 
Welch each a silver can and silver " porrenger " and part 
of her estate. 

In the history of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery 
Company of Massachusetts by Oliver Ayer Roberts is re- 
cited that John Welch, carver, was recruited in 1736, fourth 
sergeant in 1740, ensign in 175 1, lieutenant 1754, captain 
in 1756. He was also captain in the militia. 

In 1736 his name is given as subscribing i5£ towards 



13 



the fund for erecting a workhouse. It was completed in 
1738, and stood on Park street "contiguous to the Bride- 
well." 

In 1776, the General Court having ordered a draft as a 
reinforcement for the Continental army at or near New 
York, the selectmen of Boston executed the order Decem- 
ber 18 and 19, 1776. Two hundred sixty-nine persons 
were drafted, of whom a number were members of the 
Artillery Company, John Welch (1736) being one, and as 
his name is not marked as having paid the fine of io£ 
for a substitute, he must have been drafted. No persons 
were exempt except Qiiakers, clergymen, teachers, and 
undergraduates of Harvard College, Indians, negroes, and 
mulattoes. All the others, if drafted, must be in readi- 
ness to take up arms at any time or send some one in their 
place. Term, three years. 

Captain Welch was chosen constable in 1743? excused; 
a tithing man in 1746 ; collector of taxes, 1747 ; assessor in 
1750, excused ; clerk of the market in 1736 and 1752, and 
scavenger in 1737 and 1754. (^^ ^"^^^^ customary to elect 
gentlemen as scavengers, who would not serve, and exact 
a fine from them.) 

May 2, 1733, the selectmen executed a lease to John 
Welch of Boston, carver, of wooden shop or building 
called number 9, in Boston, fronting on Dock square ; 
it was on the north side of the square ; the consideration 
was 2o£ per annum. 

His residence was on Green lane, now Salem street. 
October 10, 1739, he re-leased number 9 and leased num- 
ber 8 for five years at 6o£ per annum, and number 9 
was again leased by him in 1744- 

John Welch gave up his shop in 1758, and his name 
disappears from the records, except, July 12, 1758, fifteen 



14 



beds were carried to his house by order of selectmen " for 
tlie use of the king's troops now in Boston." 

It was John Welch who carved the codfish which, with 
public honors, was lately transferred from the old to the 
new hall of the representatives in the State House. 

He died February 9, 1789, aged seveniy-eight years. 

The "Independent Chronicle "of Thursday, February 12, 
1789, gives a notice of his death on the Monday before, 
and savs the funeral is to be at his home at West Boston, 
on the 1 2th at 4 p.m. His tomb is on the Tremont-street 
side of King's Chapel Burial Ground, marked "John Welch 
Tomb." 

He left a widow, and administration on his estate was 
granted to Thomas Welsh. Suffolk Probate, book 88, page 
148. 

In the inventory of his estate a coat of arms is mentioned. 

In the " Independent Chronicle " for April 16, 1789, is the 
followinor : — 

"All persons indebted to or that have any demand 
on estate of John Welsh, late of Boston, carver, de- 
ceased, are requested to bring in their accounts to 
the subscriber, in order for settlement." 

Thomas Welsh, Administrator. 

Boston, April 15, 1789." 

In the "Independent Chronicle" for August 6, 1789, is 
the following : — 

"The Commissioners appointed by Hon. James Sul- 
livan, Esq., Judge of Probate for County of Suffolk, 
to receive and examine the claims of the several cred- 
itors to the Estate of John Welsh, late of Boston, 
Carver, deceased, represented insolvent, hereby give 



15 

notice that six months are allowed for the creditors 
to bring in their claims and prove their debts and that 
they will attend said business the first Thursday in the 
next, and five succeeding months from six to eight 
o'clock P.M. at the American Coffee House, State 
Street, Boston, July 29, 1789." 

(John Welch (son of John Welch, carver, and his first 
wife, Sarah Barrington), born September 11, 1735, was 
at Latin school in class of 1744. 

(Charles A. Welch supposed that John Welch, the son 
of the carver by his first wife, Sarah Barrington, was the 
John Welsh who afterwards became grand secretary of one 
of the grand lodges of Massachusetts, and whose death and 
funeral is recorded on pages 16 and 17 of this book. 

(This John Welsh, who died February 13, 1789, was the 
son of John Welsh, ironmonger, and left descendants. He 
was probably of the Charlestown family. 

(John Welch, the carver's son, may have been the John 
Welch who died at Surinam in 1770. He is stated to have 
been formerly of Boston, but no age is given, and there is 
no record of him in the Massachusetts Probate Records.) 

John Welsh, Jr., was recording grand secretary of one 
of the grand lodges of Masons in Massachusetts in 1785, 
first mention of his name as grand secretary being June 
24, 1785. 

See Proceedings in Masonry, 1789, pages 355, 312, 316, 
317, 319, 320, and 321, as follows: — 

Page 312 : At meeting Massachusetts Grand Lodge in 
ample form at Charlestown on special occasion January 8, 
1784. Present, John Welsh, Jr., Grand Clerk, Thomas 
Welch, S.G.D. 



16 



Page 316 : At special meeting Massachusetts Grand 
Lodge at Masons Hall, March 31, 1784. Present, John 
Welsh, Jr., G.C. 

Page 317: John Welsh, Jr., one of committee "to see 
if this Grand Lodge can be better accommodated with a 
room. " 

Page 319: September 2, 1784, John Welsh, Jr., Assis- 
tant Secretary, at meeting Massachusetts Grand Lodge in 
ample form convened at the Exchange Tavern, State 
street. 

Page 320: At meeting Massachusetts Grand Lodge in 
ample form convened at Bunch of Grapes Tavern, De- 
cember 2, 1784. Present John Welsh, Jr., Assistant Grand 
Secretary. 

Page 321 : At meeting Massachusetts Grand Lodge, 
January 19, 1785, in ample form convened at Bunch of 
Grapes Tavern on special occasion. John Welsh, Jr., 
Grand Secretary. 

John Welsh, Jr. died February 13, 1789, and in Pro- 
ceedings in Masonry, 1789, page 355, is the following: — 

" Massachusetts Grand Lodge assembled on special 
occasion at the Bunch of Grapes, Boston, February 
16, 1789. A deputation from Massachusetts Lodge 
consisting of the R.W. ; Master Brother Scollay, 
S.W. ; P. T. Brother Bradford, J.W. ; P. T. Bro- 
ther Freeman, Ernestly requesting this Grand Lodge 
that the ceremonies of masonry be observed at the 
Funeral of our deceased Brother John Welsh, Jr., late 
Grand Secretary and Secretary to Massachusetts 
Lodge, whereupon, voted that Brother Welsh be buried 
with the honors of Masonry and under the direction 
of this Grand Lodge. On motion Voted that a Com- 



/ 



17 



mittee of 3 (Brother Scollay, Bartlett and Freeman) 
be chosen to conduct the Procession and that the same 
Committee be requested to invite the Modern Grand 
Lodge under the direction of the R. W. Brother Cut- 
ler. 

"Also Voted that the same committee make appli- 
cation to the General Selectmen for the use of Faneuil 
Hall on the solemn occasion. Adjourned till first 

Friday March. 

"JNO. JACKSON, 

"Gr. Secy." 

In the "Independent Chronicle," Thursday, February 
19, 1789, is the following : — 

"Last Friday resigned this life after a lingering ill- 
ness, which he endured with a becoming patience and 
fortitude Mr. John Welsh Jr. whose amiable disposi- 
tion endeared him not only to his near connections and 
friends, but to his numerous acquaintances ; those who 
knew him best, esteemed him most, and by them it 
may be truly said, his death is sincerely lamented. 
His remains were respectfully entombed yesterday af- 
ternoon ; The Brethren of Free and Accepted Masons, 
both Ancient and Modern, attended the funeral, in due 
form, preceded by a band of musick playing a solemn 
dirge." 

The "Independent Chronicle," dated February 26, 17S9, 
says, "All persons indebted to the estate of Mr. John 
Welsh Jr. late of Boston, deceased are requested to make 
payment to the subscriber and all that have any demands 
on said estate are desired to exhibit the same to John Welsh 
Administrator to said estate. Boston, Feb. 24, 1789." 



18 



The same paper, dated April 2, 1789, has the follow- 

"The Commissioners appointed by the Hon. James 
Sullivan Esq. Judge of Probate etc. for the County of 
Suffolk to receive and examine the claims of the sev- 
eral creditors to the estate of Enoch Hopkins and John 
Welsh Jr. late of Boston, in said County deceased, 
represented insolvent, hereby give notice, that six 
months are allowed by the said Judge, for creditors 
to bring in their claims and prove their debts and that 
they will attend on said business the third Thursday of 
April and the five following months from six till nine 
o'clock of the evenings of said days, at the Green 
Dragon Tavern kept by John Woart. Boston March 
30, 1789." 

In Suffolk Probate Records, case No. 19,238, is the 
settlement of the estate of John Welsh, Jr. 

Administration was granted to John Welsh (shopkeeper) 
February 23, 1789, and on March 24, 1789, upon applica- 
tion of John Welsh, administrator of estate of John Welsh, 
Jr., decreed that there be allowed as necessary to the 
upholding the life of Jane Kilby Welsh, an infant child of 
the deceased of six years of age, the sum of 15 £ out of 
the implements and furniture of the deceased to be taken 
according to the appraised value in the inventory accord- 
ing to the law in that case made and provided. — James 
Sullivan, Judge Probate. In 1821, book 273, folio 113, 
Suffolk Deeds, Jane Kilby Welsh and others, heirs of John 
Welsh, merchant, conveyed a piece of property bought by 
said John Welsh in 1809 on Scott's court. No record ap- 
pears of this child, Jane Kilby Welsh, except, in will of 
John Welsh, who died in 181 2, she is spoken of as his 



19 



grandchild and has a one-seventh interest in residue of 
his estate. 

In the Boston Directory of 1789 are only five Welchs : 
William Welch, slop-shop, 41 State street; Jonas Welch, 
miller and chocolate grinder, Prince street ; Hezekiah 
Welch, shipwright, Pitts lane ; John Welch, ironmonger, 
Union street, and Thomas Welch, physician, Sudbury 
street. 



WILLIAM WELCH, SON OF JOHN WELCH, 
CARVER, AND HIS THIRD WIFE. 

William Welch, son of John Welch, carver, and his 
third wife, born about 1760, married Elizabeth Jarvis, and 
lived on Franklin place in 1827-1832 when he died, aged 
seventy-two. His widow continued to live there until her 
death in 1838. 

The settlement of the estate of William Welch is case 
No. 29,997 in Suffolk Probate Records. 

October 8, 1832, administration wms granted on said 
estate to John Welch, who recited in his petition that he 
was the only child and heir of William Welch, merchant, 
deceased. Widow resigned her right to administration. 
He owned real estate valued at $106,000, including house 
and land 14 Franklin place. 

About September 10, 1838, Elizabeth, the widow of said 
William Welch, died, and said John, her sole heir at law, 
was appointed administrator. Case No. 31,948, Suffolk 
Probate. 



DESCENDANTS OF WILLIAM WELCH, SON OF 
JOHN WELCH, CARVER, AND THIRD WIFE. 

John Welch, the son of William Welch, was born 
and married Elizabeth Hunt. 

Lived for a time in Oxford, Me. ; afterwards at the 
corner of Beacon and Mt. Vernon streets. 

He died, and in his will, proved January 6, 1851, num- 
ber 37,090 Suffolk Probate, he gives tomb 18 in Chapel 
Burial Ground, marked "John Welch" on granite slab, to 
his wife and five of his sons, and tomb marked " Hugh 
Hall" in Granary Burial Ground (bought by his father 
from heirs of Hugh Hall) to Wilson J. 

The will of Elizabeth Welch, widow, was proved August 

23» 1852. 

She left the Welch coat of arms to her son John Hunt 

Welch, and on his decease to eldest son of Wilson J. Welch. 

His (John Welch's) children were : 

I. William F. Welch, who married Abigail Cousins of 
Maine in 1841. His will, proved in Suffolk county, 
December 7, 1852, shows that he left a widow and 
children ; speaks of his wife's brother, Humphrey 
Cousins. In the widow's allowance, Suffolk Probate 
Record, 433, 19, his widow is mentioned as Abby D. 
Welch, and in 422, iii, his minor children are men- 
tioned as Eliza Hunt Welch and Sarah C. R. Welch. 

Sarah R. Welch married Frank Winsor Denison, and 
died leaving a child, Adna T. Denison (of Mechanics 
Falls, Me.). 

II. John Hunt Welch, was at Latin school in 1827, was 
in Harvard, class of 1835, married Elizabeth Trull 



22 



June 15, 1837, ^^^^ l^ft ^^'^ children. His will was 
proved in Suffolk Probate, October 11, 1852. 

III. Wilson Jarvis Welch, x\pril 5, 1842, married Eliz- 
abeth Fearing Thatcher of Boston, and left at least four 
children : 

A. Elise, who married Charles C. Read, who lives 
in Cambridge, but is a lawyer in Boston. 

B. Emma, who married Charles W. Leonard of 
Newtonville (of lirm of Holden, Leonard & Com- 
pany, woolens, 72 Lincoln street, Boston) ; has 
three boys. 

C. Marie Eldredge, who married Marcus Morton, a 
lawyer in Boston, and lives at Newtonville ; has 
two children, a boy and a girl. Marcus Morton 
is the son of Chief Justice Morton. 

D. Wilson J. Welch, who went out West. 

IV. George W. Welch, who died unmarried. 

V. Thomas J. Welch, was at Latin school, 1837, niarried 
Mary Elizabeth Adams in 1850, and died December 
28, 1872. Suffolk Probate, case number 53,563, ad- 
ministration granted on his estate. His widow was 
Mary E. Welch, and his children — 

A. Elizabeth Augusta, born married Daniel 
Goodnow (in business in Tremont building, Bos- 
ton) lives in Newton, Chestnut Hill avenue, and 
has children. 

B. Anna Cora, born January 15, 1856; in an asy- 
lum (in 1899) . 

C. Abbie Louise, born January 2, 1858 ; single (in 
1899). 

D. Thomas Francis Welch, born August 18, 1859, 
machinist and hardware manufacturer, Sudbury 



VI. i 



23 



street, Boston ; has a child, Ehza Hunt Welch, 
born about 1886. 

Harrison Gray Otis Welch (so called in his 
father's will) or — 

Harrison S. Welch (as named in partition 663, 
233 Suffolk Deeds — 
born married Elizabeth Jane died October 

28, 1865, in Cambridge, and his three children 
were Lizzie Foster Welch, born October 23, 1857, 
John Henry Welch, born March 5, 1859, ^^^^^ 
Wilfred M. Welch, born April 27, 1864. 
In Suffolk Registry of Deeds, book 663, folio 233, is the 
partition of estate of John Welch. The warrant from the 
probate court is dated December 12, 1853, and the parti- 
tion is dated December 26, 1853, and recorded with Suffolk 
Deeds May 22, 1854. ^^^ ^^ e is set off to Thomas J. 
Welch, i to George W. Welch, ^ to Edward D. Sohier 
and Charles A. Welch, trustees under will of William F. 
Welch, i to Harrison S. Welch, i to Wilson J. Welch, and 
6 to tlie legal representatives of Elizabeth Welch, de- 
ceased. 



DORCAS WELCH, DAUGHTER OF JOHN WELCH, 
CARVER, AND SECOND WIFE. 

Dorcas Welch, daughter of John Welch, carver, and his 
second wife, Dorcas (Gatconib), married Oliver Green- 
leaf, born in 1737, and had five children : 

1. Joseph Greenleaf, born died in 1816. 

2. George Greenleaf, born died February 7, 18 18. 

3. Oliver Cromwell Greenleaf, born about 1790, book- 
seller, of the firm of West & Greenleaf, whom the 
courts and lawyers patronized. He w^ent constantly 
to the theatre, where Charles A. Welch saw him fre- 
quently, but never in a box. He died in 1843, leaving 
his sister Ruth as his sole heir. No. 33,836, Suffolk 
Probate. 

4. Dorcas Greenleaf, who never married. 

5. Ruth Greenleaf, who died in 1853, unmarried, and 
left the residue of her estate to be equally divided 
between John P. Welch, Henry Hovey Welch, and 
Gardner R. Welch, sons of John N. Welch of Charles- 
town, formerly of Boston. 



FRANCIS WELCH, REFUGEE. 

Francis Welch (John, carver,' John, ^ John,' mariner), son 
of John Welch, carver, and his second wife, Dorcas Gat- 
comb, born in Boston in 1744, was at Latin school in 1754, 
married Susanna Renkin (or Rankin), daughter of Ben- 
jamin and Susannah (Noyes) Rankin, married August 7, 
1740. Susannah Noyes, born June 15, 1705, was daughter 
of John Noyes and Susanna Edwards (married March 16, 
1699), and Susanna Edwards, daughter of David and 
Mary Edwards, was born October 29, 1676. 

Francis Welch died in London, England, December 7, 
1790. 

Mrs. Welch died in Boston April 15, 1806, about sixty 
years old. 

The children of Francis and Susannah Welch were : 

L Benjamin Renkin, born 1771, died 1772. 

IL Benjamin Renkin, born 1773, died November 1798, 
in Havana. 

HL Sukey, or Susannah, born 1775, died 1775. 

IV. Francis Welch, born August 30, 1776, died April 
27, 1867. 

V. John Noyes Welch, born December 10, 1780, died 
July 10, 1855. 

Francis Welch, a freemason, was, December 27, 1765, 
present at a celebration of Feast of St. John the Evange- 
list at Bunch of Grapes Tavern in Boston. 

Wednesday June 24, 1767, was present at celebration of 
Festival of St. John the Baptist at Grey Hound Tavern in 
Roxbury. September 11, 1767, was at a special Grand 
and General Lodge assembled at the British Coffee House 



26 



in Boston, on account of death of Right Worshipful 
Jeremy Gridley, Esq., grand master of Masons in North 
America. 

December 30, 1767, being day kept for celebration of 
Festival of St. John the Evangelist, the same was duly 
observed at Bunch of Grapes Tavern in King street, Bos- 
ton, Francis Welch being present. 

November 18, 1768, was present at Grand and General 
Lodge held at British Coffee House in Boston ; again, 
November 23, 1768, as steward at the instalment of John 
Rowe, and a dinner the same day at Concert hall and a 
procession. 

June 24, 1772, Festival of St. John the Baptist. The 
same was celebrated at house of Thomas Bracket, the 
King's Arms Tavern, on Boston neck. Francis Welch 
present. 

See Proceedings in Masonry, Boston, 1895, appendix, 
pages 419 and 421. 

He seems to have received a degree in the Masters' 
Lodge in 1766. He received his master's degree April 
I, 1768. 

Charles A. Welch, grandson of the refugee, has the ref- 
ugee's picture painted in England by Earle, also a 
copy of it by H. C. Pratt of Boston. The original went 
with Frank Welch, grandson of John No3'es Welch, and 
son of Benjamin Welch, to Nebraska, where Frank Welch 
was grand master of Masons, and also, at the time of his 
death, was the sole delegate in Congress from the state of 
Nebraska, and during the latter part of February, 1879, 
in the Senate and House of Representatives of the United 
States appropriate memorial services were held, at which 
time several addresses were delivered. 

At a meeting held September 13, 1878, at Masonic Tem- 



27 



pie, Boston, Charles A. Welch, grand master, announced 
that the object of the meeting was the performance of suit- 
able Masonic funeral services over the remains of Hon. 
Frank Welch, past grand master of Masons in Nebraska, 
a delegate in Congress and distinguished citizen of that 

state. 

He died September 4, 1878 ; the body was brought b}^ 
a delegation of Masons from Nebraska to Boston, and C. 
A. Welch, grand master of Masons in Massachusetts, 
buried him at Forest Hills Cemetery, September 13, 1878. 
His widow, on his death, gave the above-mentioned picture 
to Charles A. Welch. 



FRANCIS WELCH, MERCHANT, FIFTH GEN- 
ERATION IN THIS COUNTRY. 

Francis Welch (Francis, refugee," John, carver,^ John, 
mariner,'^ John, mariner'), merchant, born August 30, 1776, 
married, October 4, 1803, by Rev. J. Freeman at King's 
Chapel to Margaret Crease Stackpole (daughter of Wil- 
liam Stackpole), who died May 2, 1830, aged 46. Francis 
Welch died April 27, 1867, aged 90 years 7 months 27 
days. 

Mrs. Welch was born in 1784. 

They lived first on Derne street, then on Federal street, 
then on Devonshire street, then on Milk street, in the 
Stackpole house, so called, then in one of two brick houses 
next below the Stackpole house on Milk street, then on 
Sumner street, afterwards called Mt. Vernon street, next 
door but one to the rear of the State House, and then on 
Louisburg square, where he died. 

He entered Latin school in 1786, aged 10 years, and 
lived, when a ^^oung man, at the house of Doctor Oliver 
Noyes on Change alley, running from State street, for- 
merly King street, to Faneuil Hall square. 

He was made a Mason in Old Colony Lodge, Hanover, 
Benjamin Whitman, master, and received his first and sec- 
ond degrees, August 21, 1797, and his third August 21, 
1797, previous to going abroad. This lodge was removed 
to Ilingham, where it now is. November 26, 1800, he 
became a member of St. John's Lodge, Boston, and his 
signature to the by-laws is easily recognizable. He was 
in the procession to lay the cornerstone of the original 
Masonic Temple on Tremont street in anti-Masonic times. 



29 



The children of Francis and Margaret Crease (Stack- 
pole) Welch were : 

I. Francis Welch, born August 7, 1804, died August 
13, 1804. 

II. Margaret Stackpole Welch, born October i, 1806, 
died December 10, 1886 (p. 29). 

III. Francis William Welch, born November 5, 1808, 
died November 28, 1899 (P- 3^)* 

IV. Harriet Welch, born October 9, 1810, died March 
28, 1891 (p. 32). 

V. Edward Minchin Welch, born February 6, 1813, died 
November 19, 1831 (p. 33). 

VI. Charles Alfred Welch, born January 30, 1815 (pp. 
33 to 35). 

VII. Joshua Huntington Welch, born April 17, 1817, 
died February 26, 1845 (p. 35). 

VIII. Theodore Welch, born May 26, 1818, died Feb- 
ruary 25, 1819 (p. 35). 

IX. Caroline Maria Welch, born March 26, 1820, died 
October 14, 1897 (p. 35). 

X. John Holker Welch, changed by Legislature April 
8, 1835, to Edward Holker Welch, born May 20, 
1822 (p. 2^). 

XI. Benjamin Wisner Welch, born September 26, 
1823, died June 11, 1825 (p. 36). 

The first, fifth, seventh, eighth, tenth, and eleventh were 
unmarried. 

II. His second child, Margaret Stackpole Welch, mar- 
ried, August 25, 1830, Joseph Mansfield Brown, born 
October 10, 1802, died in New York February 8, 1857, 
and had two children bv him. After his death she married, 
in 1869, James Thorndike Winchester of New York, and 
had no children by him. 



30 



Her two children by J. M. Brown were : 

1. Joseph Mansfield Brown, born August 17, 183 1, 
graduated at Boston Latin school in 1849, '^"^ from 
Harvard University in 1853 ; served in the Union 
army during the War of the Rebellion (t86i- 
1865) as first lieutenant, captain, and major, and 
was brevetted lieutenant-colonel ; married Mary 
Virginia Royston of Baltimore, Md., February 15, 
1866, and had three children, of whom Francis 
Welch and Mary Virginia died in infancy, and 
Joseph Mansfield Brown, born October 16, 1868, 
died at Washington November 8, 1882, at the age 
of fourteen. 

2. Margaret Stackpole Brown, born September 18, 
1832, and married Felix B. Kennedy of New 
York, and had issue : 

Mary Pauline Kennedy, Lady Superior, Order 

of the Sacred Heart. 
Edward Kennedy, deceased. 
Duncan Kennedy, deceased. 
Margaret S. Kennedy, deceased. 
Felix V. Kennedy, deceased. 
George S. Kennedy, deceased. 
Maud Kennedy, deceased. 

Fanny Arnold Kennedy. She became a 
Catholic. 
IIL Francis William Welch (master mariner) was at 
Latin school in 1819, married, October 9, 1839, 
Mary Anne Humphrey, daughter of Benjamin and 
Orient Turner Humphrey (whose maiden name was 
Turner). He died November 28, 1899. She died 
in Paris, August, 1885. 
His three children were : 



31 



T. Marianne Humphrey Welch, born July 15, 
1840, married, October 18, 1865, Charles Dwight 
(born May 6, 1842), Harvard University, 1861, 
son of William and Eliza A. Dwight, daughter 
of Judge Daniel Appleton White of Salem. He 
served throughout the Civil War. She had one 
son, Wilder Dwight, born April 20, 1868, now 
living in San Francisco, and married, September 
II, 1895, to Marie C. Freybrodt. They have one 
son, Charles Dwight, born December 13, 1896. 

2. Margaret Crease Welch, born February 10, 
1843, married, November 5, 1879, ^^ Paris, An- 
toine Le Roy de Lecluse, and had no children. 
Her husband died January 8, 1892. She lives 
on his estate at Neuilly le Real, near Moulins in 
the District of Allier, France. 

3. Francis Gatcomb Welch born August i, 1848, 
married Jane Mariot Wilson May 10, 1870. They 
were divorced, and his wife married Charles 
Tasker Howard, but had no issue by him. How^- 
ard died February 3, 1902. 

The children of Francis Gatcomb Welch were : 

a. Margaret Hayes Welch, born February 27, 
1871, at Berlin, Prussia, and married Joseph 
S. Fay, 3d. 
h. Francis William Welch, born August 5, 
1873, at Heidelburg, German}- ; married to 
Ruth Hayes February 14, 1900. 

c. Edward Holker Welch, born September i, 
1875, and died May 29, 1890. 

d. William Mariot Welch, born November 22, 
1876. 



32 



e. Hamilton Wilson Welch, born November 
5, 1878. 

Francis Gatcomb Welch has for many years dropped 
the name "Gatcomb." 

IV. Harriet Welch (the fourth child of Francis Welch, 
merchant), born October 9, 1810, married, December 
24, 1833, Rev. John Charles Phillips, son of John 
Phillips, first ma^'or of Boston, and brother of Wen- 
dell Phillips. His mother was Sally (Walley) Phil- 
lips. Harriet (Welch) Phillips died March 28, 1891. 
(See the settlement of her estate, case No. 87,065, 
Suffolk Probate Records.) Her husband died No- 
vember I, 1878. (See Suffolk Probate Records, case 
No. 62,127.) 

Their children were : 

1. Margaret Welch Phillips, born July 12, 1835; 
married, April 21, 1858, to Alfred B. Hall, and 
had no children. Died January 25, 1902. 

2. John Charles Phillips, born in Boston October 
31, 1838, married Anna R. Tucker, daughter of 
Alanson Tucker and Martha (Robeson) of New 
Bedford. He died March i, 1885. Suffolk 
Probate, No. 73,052. 

His children were : 

a. John Charles Phillips, born November 5, 

1876. 
h. William Phillips, born May 30, 1878. 

c. Anna Tucker Phillips, born April 25, 1S80. 

d. Martha Robeson, born February i, 1882. 

e. George Wendell Phillips, born November 
22, 1883. 

John Charles Phillips, son of Harriet (Welch) Phillips, 



33 



received a large fortune by will of William Phillips, 
proved in Suffolk Probate June 9, 1873. 

3. Emily Susan Pliillips (third child of Harriet 
(Welch) Phillips), born June, 1843, died Au- 
gust, 1845. 

4. Harriet Phillips, born May 31, 1846, died May 
8, 1848. 

5. Miriam Walley Phillips, born May 28, 1849, 
married William Herbert Rollins April 26, 1882, 
physician, and has no children. 

6. Anna Dunn Phillips, born October 15, 1850, 
married Francis H. Williams, September 25, 
1891, physician, and has no children. 

7. Caroline Crowninshield Phillips, born July 13, 
1852, married, June i, 1876, Charles N. Talbot 
(son of Charles N. and Charlotte Talbot), and 
died April 26, 1878, leaving one son, Charles 
Nicoll Talbot, Jr., born April 25, 1877. 

V. Edward Minchin Welch (the fifth child of Francis 
Welch, merchant, born February 6, 1813, died No- 
vember 19, 183 1, in his junior year at Harvard Col- 
lege. He was 18 when he died, wrote poetry, etc. 

VI. Charles A. Welch (sixth child of Francis Welch, 
merchant), born January 30, 1815, married, August 
20, 1844, Mar}^ Love Boott, daughter of Kirk Boott 
and Anne (Haden) Boott. Kirk Boott was born in 
this country, served in the British army in Spain. 
His wife was a dauo^hter of Thomas Haden of Derbv, 
and Sarah (Wallace) Haden. Mrs. Welch w^as born 
in Lowell, October 4, 1823, and died March 29, 1899, 
at 18 minutes of 11 a.m. at Cohasset. 

Charles A. Welch, when living in Waltham, was 
made a Mason in Monitor Lodge, Waltham, having 



34 



been initiated April 22, 1861, junior warden 1865, 
senior warden 1866, master 1868-1869, deputy grand 
master of Grand Lodge 1878-1879-1880, grand mas- 
ter 1878-1880, and subsequently a member of board 
of directors. 

He was for man^r years president of Lewis wharf, 
also president of Long wharf, also of Social Law 
Library, and director in Third National Bank of 
Boston. Sole partner with Edward D. Sohier from 
March, 1838, to November 23, 1888, when Mr. 
Sohier died. 

Edward Dexter Sohier, born April 24, 18 10, mar- 
ried Hannah L. Amory, February 16, 1836. He 
was son of William D. Soliier, grandson of Edward 
Sohier and great-grandson of Edward Sohier (son of 
Edward S. and Rachel (Stille) Sohier), born in St. 
Martins, Island of Jersey, December 27, 1724. 
The children of Charles A. Welch and his wife : 

1. Charles x\. Welch, born July 30, 1847, married, 
December 27, 1869, to Emil}^ Blagden Phillips, 
daughter of George W. Phillips, son of first 
mayor of Boston. Emily's mother was Emily W. 
Blagden, sister of Rev. Dr. Blagden. 

2. Francis Boott Welch, born January 21, 1849, 
died January 30, 1849. 

3. Francis Clarke Welch, born January 18, 1850, 
married, December 15, 1880, Edith Thayer, who 
was daughter of Frederic W. Thayer and Maria 
Wilder (Phelps) Thayer, born February 9, 1857. 

The children of Francis Clarke Welch and his wife : 
a. Francis Clarke Welch, born October 12, 
1881, died September 10, 1886. 



35 



h. Edward Sohier Welch, born January 27, 

1888. 
c. Charles Alfred Welch, born December 25, 

1900. 

4. Eugenia Donaldson Welch, born May 24, 1855, 
died December, 1855. 

5. Ralston E. Welch, born April 30, 1856, died 
April 13, 1869, at Georgetown College, George- 
town, D.C. 

VII. Joshua Huntington Welch (seventh child of Fran- 
cis Welch, merchant), born April 17, 1817, died Feb- 
ruary 26, 1845, an engineer till his health failed. 

VIII. Theodore Welcli, born May 26, 1818, died Febru- 
ary 26, 1819. 

IX. Caroline Maria Welch, born March 26, 1820, mar- 
ried, January 15, 1840, Edward A. Crowninshield, born 
in Salem February 25, 1817, son of Benjamin W. 
and Mary (Boardman) Crowninshield. He died in 
Boston February 20, 1859. Their children were: 

1. Edward Augustus Crowninshield, born January, 
184T, died July, 1867. 

2. Francis W. Crowninshield, born May, 1843, died 
May, 1866, from the effects of wounds received 
in the Civil War. He was lieutenant in Second 
Massachusetts Volunteers. 

3. Frederic Crowninshield, born November 27, 
1845, married, October 24, 1867, Helen Susette 
Fairbanks, daughter of William Nelson Fairbanks 
and Augusta (Reed) Fairbanks. The}' had 
three children : 

a. Helen Susette Crowninshield, born at Paris 
July 28, 1868, married, September 18, 1895, 



36 



Carl August De Gersdorff, and has three 
children : 

(i) Josephine, born in New York June i8, 
1896. 

(2) Alma, born November 25, 1897, in 
New York. 

(3) Caspar Crowninshield, born March 
10, 1901. 

b. Edward Augustus Crowninshield, born at 
Rome, Italy, April 7, 1870. 

c. Francis Welch Crowninshield, born at Paris 
June 24, 1872. 

Edward A. Crowninshield, the husband of Caroline M. 
Welch, died in Boston, February 20, 1859, ^^^^^^ forty-one 
years, and Mrs. Crowninshield married, December 22, 
1869, Howard Pay son Arnold ; she died October 14, 1897, 
and her will was proved November 4, 1897. 

John Holker Welch, name changed by legis- 
lature April 8, 1835 (c- CXLIL), to Edward 
<( Holker Welch, born May 20, 1822, became a 
I Catholic and then a Jesuit, and is now (1902) at 
L Georgetown College, D.C. 
XI. Benjamin Wisner Welch, born September i, 1823, 
died June 12, 1825. 



X. 



JOHN NOYES WELCH, SON OF FRANCIS 
WELCH, REFUGEE, AND BROTHER OF 
FRANCIS WELCH, MERCHANT. 

John Noyes Welch, son of Francis Welch, the refugee, 
born December lo, 1780, married Lydia H. Rand May 9, 
1804, Rev. Samuel Stillman, D.D., officiating. She died 
November 18, 1825, and he married, April 19, 1827, Mrs. 
Eliza Newman. He diedjuly 10, 1855. 

His children were : 

I. Benjamin R. Welch, born December 9, 1806, was at 
Latin school 1819, died x\ugust 12, 1837, at Bath, Me. 
He married, April 28, 183 1, M. E. A. C. Prescott, 
daughter of Benjamin Prescott, a physician, and died 
leaving a widow and one child, Frank Welch, born 
February 13, 1835, tltilegate from Nebraska to Con- 
gress, grand master of Masons in Nebraska. Frank 
Welch, accompanied by a delegation of Masons from 
Nebraska, w^as buried September 13, 1878, at Forest 
Hills Cemetery, Boston. He left one son at Latin 
school, Boston, w^ho died young in New York state. 

II. Henry Hovey Welch, master mariner, married Car- 
oline Bigelow and had one child, born July 16, 1841, 
who died May 11, 1859. 

III. John Porter Welch (treasurer Fitchburg Railroad), 
born November 13, 1808, at Latin school 1819, mar- 
ried, May I, 1834, R^i^^^ Stetson, daughter of David 
Stetson (born July 7, 1769) and Sarah L. Stetson 
(born January 1, 1773). 

Ruth (Stetson) Welch died April 3, 1837, and he mar- 
ried, October 7, 1846, Emeline G. Skinner, born April 14, 



38 



i820, daughter of Jolin and Hannah Skinner of Charles- 
town. He died January 3, i860. By his first wife he 
had a daugliter, Ruth Stetson Welch, born August 2, 1836, 
who married, October 11, 1855, Francis Thompson, son 
of Charles and Nancy Thompson, born March 29, 1826, 
who died August 30, 1885. She died March 31, 1900. 

Francis Thompson and Ruth S. Thompson had two 
children. 

A. Mary Catharine Thompson, born September 
15, 1856, who married Harrison G. O. Colby, 
a commander in the United States navy, April 
20, 1881, and has a son: 

Francis Thompson Colby, born February 13, 
1882. 

B. Ruth Stetson Thompson, born June 4, 1859, 
married, April 25, 1888, Charles Edward Cotting, 
born August 2, 1856, and had a son : 

Charles Edward Cotting, Jr., born May 15, 
1889. 
John P. Welch, by his second wife, had two sons : 

1. Charles Paine Welch, born August 20, 1847, 
was in the navy, but resigned from ill health, and 
is still living (1902) in California. 

2. William E. Welch, born November 11, 1848, 
died July 22, 1893, of consumption (of which his 
parents died) at Elizabethtown, N.Y. He was 
brought up under the care of Charles A. Welch, 
after the death of his parents, and was at one 
time partner with Francis C. Welch. 

IV. George Edwin Welch married Elizabeth Waddel- 
ton, daughter of John Waddelton of New York, and 
their children were : 
I. Frank Welch. 



39 



2. George Welch. 

3. Elizabeth Welch. 

V. Gardner Rand Welch, born married, Septem- 

ber 6, 1843, Sarah B. Frothingham, daughter of 
James K. and Harriet Frothingham. 



STACKPOLE FAMILY. 

James Stackpole was born in 1652, married Margaret 
Warren, daughter of James and Margaret Warren, who 
came from Berwick, Scotland. 

He hved in Dover, N.H. (which included what is now 
Somersworth, Dover, Rollingsford, Madbury, Lee, Dur- 
ham, and parts of Newington and Greenfield), probably 
near what is now South Berwick. 

He kept a public house, and had six children. By the 
inventory of his estate he owned three acres of land besides 
his house. 

He died in 1736, and was buried on a hill back of his 
liouse, where many of the first four generations of Ameri- 
can Stackpoles are buried. 

There was laid out to James Stagpoole, July 16, 1702, 
twenty acres in Kittery. 

He was said to be a courageous, honest, industrious, 
and moderately prosperous private citizen. 

Philip Stackpole, son of James Stackpole, married Mary 
received into the church March 15, 1729. She 
died, possibly, September 24, 1792, aged loi years. 

He died in 1761. 

He was a member of the first School Board of Somers- 
worth, N.H., July 2, 1734, and was in 1754 chosen to 
.take an inventory of the parish. 

He was also an overseer of the poor and his will is dated 
I August 25, 1 761. In it, inter alia^ he gives two acres of 
sland to his son James. It was proved September 30, 1761. 

James Stackpole, son of Philip, born March 15, 1729, 
at South Berwick, Me., married Elizabeth Pierce, who was 
born in Dover, N.H., May 17, 17 17. 



41 



He lived in Somersworth, N.H., and had eight children. 
The date of his death is unknown. 

His wife was daughter of Benjamin and Hannah Pierce 
of South Berwick, JVIe. (Benjamin Pierce was descended 
from John Pierce of Watertown, Mass., "a man of very 
good estate.") He enlisted April 7, 1748, in a company 
commanded by Captain Job Clement, as a guard for 
Rochester and Barrington, N.H. Their third child was 
William. 

William Stackpole (s. James, '^ s. Philip,' s. James') was 
born at Somersworth (now Rollinsford), N.H., October 
19, 1746 ; married, October 3, 1776, Ann Parker, a widow, 
whose maiden name was Jackson, daughter of Thomas 
Jackson, whose name appears in the Public Records De- 
cember 19, 1776, among those of whom a draft was made 
for the Continental army as a resident of Boston. 

Ann Jackson was in 1807 sixty-three years old, and must 
have been born x\pril 3, 1744, and thirty-two years old 
when married to William Stackpole. Her sister married 
a Colonel Hanfield of the British army. 

William Stackpole went to Harpswell, Me., about 1766, 
with his brother James, and lived there till about 1773 or 
1774; thence he went to Thomaston, Me.; then he and 
James, being carpenters, got out the frame of a house and 
he went with it to Boston, where he remained. December 
19, 1776, he was a resident of ward 9, Boston; August 
28, 1781, he was a retailer on King, now State, street, 
Boston and was licensed to sell tea December 12, 1781. 

In 1790 his household consisted of four white males over 
sixteen, one under sixteen, and eight free white females. 

He was then a wholesale wine dealer. 

He died December 3, 1813, of gout in the stomach, aged 
sixty-seven years. 



42 



Mrs. Stackpole died May i8, 1807, aged sixty-one years. 

Tliey were buried in tomb 77, Granary Burial Ground, 
marked "Jackson," with a lielmet and coat of arms upon it. 

Mrs. Stackpole had by her first husband, Parker, three 
children: Samuel, George, and Susan. 

The latter, the others having died, lived with Francis 
and Margaret Welch, and married James Dalton, cashier 
of Tremont Bank, and left issue by him. 

William Stackpole left a large property in real and per- 
sonal estate. 

He lived on the corner of Milk and Devonshire streets, 
the latter once called Joliff's lane. 

The lane has since been widened into a wide street and 
continued to Summer street, including what was formerly 
Theatre alley. 

The land is now occupied by the United States Post 
Office building, having been sold b}^ C. A. Welch, acting 
in behalf of his brothers and sisters, to the United States. 

Tlie house in which Mr. Stackpole lived was built by 
William Brown, who sold it February 25, 1729, for £2500 
to Jonathan Waldo, who bequeathed it to his daughter 
Anne Waldo, who married Edward Tyng January 27, 
1731. A daughter of Tyng's married Charles Ward Ap- 
thorp, who conveyed the estate in 1774 to Joshua Wins- 
low, and he bought an addition in the rear, on Joliff's lane, 
of John Tucker. 

The administrator of Winslow's estate, Duncan Ingra- 
ham of Concord, sold it in 1790 to William Stackpole, who 
lived there until his death. It was still farther increased 
by purchases, and in 1801 Mr. Stackpole bought the land 
east of it, and in rear of Milk street, of Samuel Bass, and 
some land adjoining on Milk street was bought by him 
and Moses Wheeler. 



43 



The land on Milk street was set off on the division 
of the Stackpole estate to Margaret Crease Welch, wife of 
Francis Welch, and they lived there until about 1822, when 
it became a public house, kept at one time by William 
Gallagher, who died as early as 1834. Probate Record, 
libro 179, folio 146. 

By the division of William Stackpole's real estate (see 
Probate Record, May 9, 1814), it appears that he owned, 
with Moses Wheeler, tirst, land bounded south on Milk 
street 62 feet ; west by land and garden of Stackpole 59 feet 
6 inches ; north by land of deceased 57 feet ; east by land 
of Wheeler 67 feet. Two thirds belonged to Stackpole. 
Second, two thirds of an estate on State street. Third, the 
Mansion House estate on Milk and Devonshire streets, val- 
ued at $14,250. Fourth, land bounded east by Joliff's lane. 
Fifth, land bounded west by house and land of Stackpole 
120 feet and north in part by a passageway to Water street 
in which the estate had a right. Sixth, house and land on 
Market square, valued at $12,000 (Bight Tavern). Sev- 
enth, old store on State street. 

The third estate was set off to Margaret Crease Welsh. 

In Shurtleff's History of Boston, published in 187 1, p. 
659, William Stackpole is mentioned as one of the noted 
merchants of a past generation. 

William Stackpole left five children : 

I. Nancy Davis Stackpole, born May, 1777, married 
John M. Stillman February 15, 1795. By him she 
had five sons, all of whom died unmarried : 

1. William Augustus Stillman, born May 24, 1795. 

2. John Stillman, born June 25, 1796. 

3. George W. Stillman, born November 19, 1797* 

4. Samuel Stillman, born September 2, 1799. 

5. Frederick Stillman, born July 16, 1801. 



Ill 



44 



She married, January i8, 1815, in Boston, John Holker, 
a widower and Frenchman, who came to America about 
1787, as consul general from France. He was no doubt 
of English descent. He died in 1820 in Clarke county, 
Virginia, and was buried in Winchester, Virginia. Mrs. 
Holker died June 18, 1857, in Virginia, where she owned 
a farm, having lived at different times in Boston, Balti- 
more, and Virginia. 

Her only child by Mr. Holker was Anna Maria Adelaide 
Holker, born September 22, 1816, died March 20, 1875, 
at Long Branch, near Millwood, Clarke county, Virginia. 
She married Hugh M. Nelson, born October 20, 181 1, 
who died August 6, 1862, having been a colonel in the 
Confederate army during the Civil War. 

The children of Mr. and Mrs. Nelson were : 

(rt) Nancy Adelaide Nelson, born August 18, 

1839, ^^^^ March 5, 1877, single. 
{b) Hugh Mortimer Nelson, born October 31, 
1847, married Sally Page Nelson, daughter 
of George Washington Nelson of Warring- 
ton, born July 4, 1866. 
Their children are : 

(i) Nannie A. Nelson, born January 13, 

1886. 
(2) Hugh M. Nelson, Jr., born October 
26, 1889. 
Hugh M. Nelson still (1902) lives near Millwood, Vir- 
ginia, on his farm, and owns real estate on Washington 
street, Boston, which came from his great-grandfather, 
William Stackpole. 

n. Sarah Crease Stackpole, born September 11, 1778, 
married. May 2, 1799, in Boston, Hon. Edward St. 
Loe Livermore ; died October 4, 1859, ^^^ Lowell. 



45 



She was his second wife, and he was the son of Samuel 
and Jane (Brown) Livermore, born April 5, 1762, in Ports- 
mouth, N.H., and died September 15, 1832, in Tewksbury, 
now a part of Lowell, Mass. He had been a judge of the 
Supreme Judicial Court of New Hampshire and a member 
of Congress from Massachusetts from December 9, 1807, 
till March 3, 181 1. 

They lived at one time on west side of Devonshire 
street. 



DESCENDANTS OF SARAH CREASE (STACK- 
POLE) LIVERMORE, DAUGHTER OF WIL- 
LIAM STACKPOLE. 

The children of Sarah Crease Livermore and her hus- 
band were : 

1. Edward St. Loe Livermore, Jr., born February 
12, 1800, in Portsmouth, N.H., married Hannah 
G. Brown, died December, 1841. See below.* 

2. Elizabeth Brown Livermore, born June 2, 1804, 
in Boston, died August 16, 1888, in Lawrence, 
single. 

3. William Stackpole Livermore, born June 24, 
1805, in Boston, died February 2, 1822, in 
Tewksbury, unmarried. 

* I. Edward St. Loe Livermore, Jr., married Han- 
nah Gore Brown June 21, 1828, in Methuen, 
Mass. She was born March 9, 1804, in Pitts- 
field, N.H., and lived in Portland, Me. He died 
March 24, 1842, in Lowell. His children, born 
in Lowell, were three : 

(a) Sarah Jane Livermore, born May 20, 
1830, married George H. Beale, November 
15, 1848, in LoW'Cll. He was born in Mon- 
mouth, Me., November 15, 1825. 
The children of George H. and Sarah J. (Livermore) 
Beale were three : 

(i) Edward Livermore Beale. 

(2) Arthur William Beale, married, No- 
vember 8, 1886, in Portland, Ann Scott 
Fowler. 

(3) Harry St. Loe Beale. 



47 



(^b) George Williamson Livermore, born 
April 7, 1833, died January 2, 1836, in New 
York. 

{c) Elizabeth Brown Livermore, born January 
6, 1833, married Henry Lewis Gregg, Octo- 
ber 3, i860, in Portland, died July 21, 1883, 
in Portland, and left no children. This 
Henry Lewis Gregg lives in Hudson, N.Y. 
He was born January 2, 1838, in Andover. 

4. George Williamson Livermore (son of Edward 
St. Loe Livermore), born January 17, 1807, in 
Newburyport, died August 26, 1830, in New 
Orleans, unmarried. 

5. Grace Ann Livermore (daughter of Edward St. 
Loe Livermore), born June i, 1809, in Newbur}^- 
port, died December 13, 1812, in Boston. 

6. Arthur Brown Livermore, born June 11, 181 1, 
in Boston, died April, 1825, in Tewksbury. 

7. Ann Grace Livermore, born December 24, 
1812, in Boston, died June 7, 1856, in Lowell. 

8. Caroline Livermore, born in Boston, October 5, 
1814, married Josiah G. Abbott, July 18, 1838, 
in Lowell. 

He was the son of Caleb and Mercy (Fletcher) Abbott, 
born November i, 1814, in Chelmsford, and died June 2, 
1891. 

His wife Caroline died September 17, 1887. He was 
a lawyer and a judge in Boston, member of both houses 
of Massachusetts Legislature, and member of Congress, 
1875-1876. 

The children of Josiah G. and Caroline (Livermore) 
\bbott, were eleven : 



i 



48 



(a) Caroline Mercy Abbott, born April 25, 
1839, niarried George Derby April 19, 1869, 
having been previously married to George 
Perry, who had deceased. 

Mrs. Derby died May, 1872, and left a daugh- 
ter, Caroline Derby. 

(d) Edward Gardner Abbott, born September 
29, 1840. Harvard, class of i860. Captain 
2d Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, May 
24, t86i. Killed at battle of Cedar Moun- 
tain, August 9, 1862. He was unmarried. 

(c) Henry Livermore Abbott, born January 
I, 1842. Major in the 20th Massachusetts 
Volunteer Infantry. (See Harvard Memo- 
rial Biography for lives of his brother and 
himself.) A brigadier general by brevet, 
killed at the battle of the Wilderness, May 
6, 1864. He was a classmate of his brother, 
Harvard, i860, and unmarried. 

(d) Fletcher Morton Abbott, born February 
18, 1843. He is unmarried. Captain in 
2d Massachusetts regiment. 

(e) William Stackpole Abbott, born Novem- 
ber 18, 1844, died May 6, 1846. 

(_/) Samuel A. B. Abbott, born March 6, 
1846, Harvard, class of 1866, married, first, 
Mary Goddard, second, Abby Frances Wood, 
October 15, 1873, in Providence, R.I., and 
married subsequently, in 1896, Maria Dexter. 
His children, born in Providence, R.I., were 
four : 

(i) Helen Frances Abbott, married to 
Maurice Washburn. 



49 



(2) Madeline L. Abbott, married to John 
Ames. 

(3) Francis Abbott. 

(4) Caroline Abbott. 

(g) Sarah Livermore Abbott, born May 14, 
1850, married William P. Fay, October 12, 
1870, and had three children : 
(i) Richard Fay. 

(2) Katherine Fay. 

(3) Edward H. Fay. 

(/i) Franklin Pierce Abbott, born May 6, 

1852, Harvard Law School, 1876. 
(/) Arthur St. Loe Abbott, born November 

6, 1853, died March 28, 1863. 
(y) Grafton St. Loe Abbott, born November 
14, 1856, married, September 29, 1900, 
Mary Adams, granddaughter of Charles 
Francis Adams of Qiiincy, and daughter of 
the present Charles Francis Adams. They 
have two children. 
(k) Holker Welch Abbott, an artist, born 
February 28, 1858. 
9. Henry Jackson Livermore, born in Wheeling, 
Va., June 5, 1816, married, in Lawrence, Sep- 
tember I, 1853, Susan Hurd Homer, born May 
19, 1829, in Amesbury, Mass. 
He died February 2, 1874, ^"^ their children were : 
(a) Edward St. Loe Livermore, born August 

3, 1854, <^ied , 1890. 

(d) James Homer Livermore, born August 6, 

1855, died September 12, 1856. 
(c) Henry Livermore, born August 10, died 
August 13, 1856. 



50 



{d) James Homer Livermore, born June 29, 
1858, married Agnes Rose Boyce, April 23, 
1883, in Portland, Ore. She was born 
August 18, 1863, and they live in Portland. 

€. Arthur Dorr Livermore, born December 

27, i860, died November 21, 1863. 
/, Henry Abbott Livermore. 

g, Grace Livermore. 

10. Sarah Stackpole Livermore, born July 12, 
18 1 9, in Tewksbury, married John Tatterson, 
and died March 18, 1895, in Lawrence. No 
children. 

11. Mary Jane Livermore, born August 2, 182 1, 
in Lowell, married Daniel Saunders of Law- 
rence, a lawyer, October 7, 1846, and died May 
4, 1898, at Lawrence. Daniel Saunders was 
born October 6, 1822, and was at one time mayor 
of Lawrence. Their children were : 

a. Charles Gurley Saunders, born October 3, 
1847, Harvard, class of 1867, admitted to 
bar in Salem in 1870. 

b. Mary Livermore Saunders, born June 19, 
1849. 

c. Frederick Abbott Saunders, born June 14, 
1855, died September 14, 1869. 

d. Ann Grace Saunders, born April 7, 1857. 

e. Edith St. Loe Saunders, born February 24, 

1865. 



WILLIAM STACKPOLE THE YOUNGER. 

III. William Stackpole the younger was born Decem- 
ber 31, 1779, married, January 13, 1803, Nancy 
Hodgdon, a widow, daughter of Joseph Lewis of 
Dedham, born September 12, 1774, ^^^^^^ J'^^b' ^8, 
1822. He was a lawyer, and died in Louisville, 
Kentucky, August 11, 1822. Alexander Hodgdon, 
her first husband, married her October 6, 1793. 
She was born September 12, 1774, and was nineteen 
years old when Hodgdon married her. He was fifty-six 
when he died, in Dedham, August 12, 1797. Hodgdon 
went to sea when young, and Charles A. Welch, Jr., has 
his sea chest, which C. A. Welch found in his father's 
garret. 

Caleb Cushing once told me that most young men in 
Essex county went to sea in his younger days. 

Hodgdon seems to have held during his life some public 
ofiices. 

William Stackpole was a Freemason, and January 5, 
1802, delivered an address before the Masons, and a com- 
mittee was appointed to wait on him for a copy. 

He became a Mason February, 24, 1801, at St. John's 
Lodge, Boston; initiated master Mason, Januar}- 5, 1802. 
He was at Harvard, class of 1798. 

The children of William Stackpole the younger were 

six : 

I. William Ames Stackpole, born August 14, 1804, 

died March, 1832, unmarried, in New Orleans. 

William A. Stackpole, who died in New Orleans, was 

II often seen by Charles A. Welch in his younger days; a 

good-hearted fellow of great personal strength. Some 



K 



52 



lawyer in New Orleans insulted him when a witness, and 
he consulted Samuel Livermore (a son of Edward St. Loe 
Livermore by his first wife, a lawyer quite eminent there, 
who left his library of French law to Harvard College), 
and Mr. Livermore advised him to catch the man where 
there were no witnesses and get his revenge, and it is said 
that he followed the advice. 

This Samuel Livermore was dining with Captain Law- 
rence and others when the " Guerriere's " challenge came 
into Boston; they went out with an unprepared crew, 
Livermore as chaplain. Lawrence was killed and Liver- 
more's arm cut, but he never alluded to it. Samuel Liver- 
more died at Florence, Ala., unmarried, aged forty-seven. 
He had a sister, a preacher, perhaps a little eccentric. I 
have seen both when a boy. 

2. Grace Hanfield Gurley Stackpole, born in Bos- 
ton February 26, 1805, married George Atkinson 
of London, at Charleston, South Carolina, April 
4, 1832. She died October, 1872. Mr. Atkinson 
died before his wife. 

3. Joseph Lewis Stackpole, born December 28, 
1807, married Susan Margaret Benjamin, March 
15, 1837, ^^^^^ died July 20, 1847, from a railroad 
accident. His wife died April 24, 1896. 

His children were : 

a. Joseph Lewis Stackpole, born March 20, 
1838. A.B., Harvard University, 1857. 
LL.B., 1859. Served through the Civil 
War; September 2, 1861, captain 24th 
Massachusetts Volunteers; July 2, 1863, 
commissioned by President Lincoln major, 
and judge-advocate; April, 1865, brevetted 
lieutenant-colonel; married, March 3, 1863, 



r 



53 



Martha Watson Parsons, granddaughter of 

Chief Justice Parsons, and had children : 

(i) Elizabeth Virginia Stackpole, born 

January 14, 1865, married, January 26, 

1899, George S. Rowland, and lives in 

Paris. 

(2) Alice Stackpole, born June 6, 1866. 

(3) Joseph Lewis Stackpole, Jr., born 
January 19, 1869, died 1873. 

(4) Joseph Lewis Stackpole, Jr., born 
November 16, 1874, i^^i'ned Katherine, 
daughter of Francis Coen Brown of 
Chicago. 

b. William Stackpole, born April 27, 1842. 
He and his brothers were under guardianship 
of J. Lothrop Motley, the historian, who mar- 
ried their mother's elder sister. (See Suffolk 
Probate, libro 354, pages 74, 75, 76.) Died 
unmarried August 10, 1901. 

William Stackpole. 

[" Transcript," August lo, 1901.] 

Mr. William Stackpole, a native of Boston, and practi- 
cally all his life a resident of this city, died yesterday at 
York Beach, Me., where he had been spending a few 
weeks. He was fifty-nine years of age, and was born in 
April, 1842, his parents being Joseph Lewis and Susan 
Margaret Stackpole, both of whom are deceased. Mr. 
Stackpole prepared for Harvard at the Boston Latin 
School and w^as graduated from that college in the class 
of 1863. Among his classmates who remained life-long 
friends of Mr. Stackpole were Dr. J. Collins Warren and 
Roland C. Lincoln. 



54 



After being graduated, Mr. Stackpole went into the 
cotton business, from which he retired some twenty-seven 
years ago. At one time he was in partnership with the 
Late WaUer Dabney, well remembered in business circles. 
Mr. Stackpole never again entered active business life, 
but spent his time between this country and Europe, two 
of his favorite places on the other side being Cannes and 
Nice, where he spent considerable of his time. He was 
an ardent lover of the rod and line, and was one of the 
charter members of the Monument Club of Buzzards Bay. 
Other organizations to which he belonged were the Som- 
erset Club, the Countr}^ Club, and the Eastern Yacht Club. 
He was never married, and is survived by two brothers, 
Henry Stackpole and J. Lewis Stackpole, both being in- 
timately identified with business interests in this city. The 
funeral will be held from Mount Auburn Chapel next 
Tuesday at noon. 

c. Henry Stackpole, born June lo, 1846 ; mar- 
ried Elizabeth Value of Elizabeth, N.J. ; he 
is a broker in Boston. 
Their children are : 

(i) William Stackpole, born June 2, 
' 1877, Harvard, 1898. 

(2) Edith V. Stackpole, born February 
8, 1880. 

(3) Henry Stackpole, born September 
23, 1881, died August 1892. 

(4) Priscilla Stackpole, born November 
15, 1885. 

(5) Susan Margaret Stackpole, born 

April I, 1889. 

(6) Grace Stackpole, born June 9, 1891. 



55 



4. Frederic Dieman Stackpole, born in Dorchester 
January i, 1809, died young. 

5. Roxana Stackpole, born January 13, 1813, mar- 
ried, May 27, 1835, in London, Frederick Dab- 
ney, born August 2, 1809. 

Mr. and Mrs. Dabney lived for a long time at 
Fayal in the Azores, \\;^here he was vice-consul, and 
died December 29, 1857. 

She died in Boston, February 26, 1887. 
Their children were : 

(rt) Frederick Dabney, born February 15, 

1836, died next day. 
(d) William Stackpole Dabne}^ born Decem- 
ber 26, 1837, died January 30, 1838. 

(c) Frederick Dabney, born August 5, 1839, 
died March 27, 1840. 

(d) Lewis Stackpole Dabney, Harvard L^ni- 
versity, 1861, born December 21, 1840, in 
Fayal, married, April 22, 1867, Clara Bige- 
low (daughter of Chief Justice George T. 
Bigelow of the Supreme Court of Massa- 
chusetts and x\nna S. (Miller) Bigelow). 
Mrs. Dabney died in Paris October 16, 1899, 
while travelling. 

Their children were : 

(i) Frederick Lewds Dabney, born May 
5, t868, married, 1901, Elizabeth Fay, 
daughter of Henry H. Fay; has one 
son, Frederick Lewis. 

(2) Caroline Miller Dabney, born March 
13, 1874. 

(3) Clara Bigelow Dabney, born Decem- 
ber 6, 1877, died January 3, 1879. 



5() 



(4) George Bigelovv Dabney, horn Octo- 
ber 10, 1S80. 
(d?) George Stackpole Dabney, born Novem- 
ber 25, 1842, died September 3, 1900, un- 
married. 
{/) Walter Dabney, born October 30, 1844, 
in Fayal, married, November 24, 1874, 
Harriet H., daughter of Charles Larkin. 
He died December 20, 1899. His wife was his 
executrix, January 29, 1900. He left one child, 
Susanna Rich Dabney, born October 7, 1884. 
(^) Frederick Dabney, born August 9, 1846, 
at Fayal, died July 24, 1892, married a 
widow, Mrs. Vesin, daughter of 
Gillieu, of Philadelphia. 
From 187 1 to 1874 ^^ ^^'^^ Assistant United 
States Attorney at Boston in the United States 
Court. 

See Harvard Class Book of 1866, printed in 
1896. He died July 24, 1892, and his wife in 
1889. 

k. Arthur Dabney, born July 10, 1848, died 

November 12, 1848. 
/'. x\lfred Stackpole Dabney, born February 
22, 1850, married February 3, 1881, Tina 
Shelton Sears, daughter of Frederic R. 
Sears and Albertina (Shelton) Sears, and 
their children were : 

(i) Grace Stackpole Dabney, born Octo- 
ber 29, 1881. 
(2) Alfred Stackpole Dabney, born July 
31, 1885. 



57 



y. Grace Stackpole Dcibney, born April 13, 
1853, died July i, 1854. 
6. John W. Gurley Stackpole, born October 7, 1816. 
His parents died when he was five years old, and 
he was brought up by his aunt, Mrs. Livermore. 
In 1848 he married Mrs. Emmeline (Dabney) 
Patterson. She was born in Fayal in 181 1, and 
died in Boston, February 28, 1885. She was a 
sister of Frederick Dabney, wiio married Roxana 
Stackpole. He died in Paris, June 11, 1875, 
and left three children : 

a. Frederick Dabney Stackpole, physician, 
Roxbury, born in Pomeroy, Ohio, July 19, 
1849, niarried Katharine C Osgood of Rox- 
bury, June 8, 1892, who was born in Phila- 
delphia. They have no children. He grad- 
uated at Harvard University in 1873, at the 
Medical School in 1878. He died December 
26, 1899, and his wife was executrix. 

b. Emmeline Dabney Stackpole, born in Pom- 
eroy, Ohio, married Thomas St. John Lock- 
wood of Roxbury, October 14, 1890, and 
has two children : 

(i) A. Dunbar Lockwood, born October 

19, 1891. 
(2) Grace Stackpole Lockwood, born 

July 10, 1893. 

c. Roxana Stackpole Dabney, born in said 
Pomeroy, single; now residing in Boston. 



GRACE HANFIELD (STACKPOLE) GURLEY, 
DAUGHTER OF WILLIAM STACKPOLE, 
FIRST IN BOSTON, AND SISTER OF WIL- 
LIAM STACKPOLE THE YOUNGER. 

IV. Grace Hanfield Stackpole (daughter of William 

Stackpole, Sr.), born 1782, married, in summer of 

1800, John Ward Gurley, son of Rev. John Gurley, 

who went to Yale College, New Haven, was admitted 

to Suffolk bar in 1789. (See account in print of his 

leaving college, etc.) 

He was killed in a duel at New Orleans, March 5, 1808, 

while Attorney General of the state of Louisiana. His wife 

died in New Orleans in 1804, and left an only child : 

I. Anna Maria Gurley, born in 1801, married, 
February 12, 181 7, Joseph Grafton, born May 
II, 1782, was major in United States army, and 
' afterwards Surveyor of Customs of the port of 

Boston. Major Grafton died in Boston March 
24, 1 861 : his wife June 3, 1851. 
He was the son of Joshua and Lydia (Masury) Grafton, 
who were married in Salem in 1776. Joshua died June 11, 
1786, and his wife January 8, 1796. 
The children of Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Grafton were : 

a. Henry Dearborn Grafton, captain in United 
jl States army, born in Boston, November 12, 

181 7, died in Davenport, Iowa, x\pril 13, 
1855. He was a graduate of West Point 
and had a son. 

b. Joseph Grafton, born in Boston, September 
7, 1819, married Elizabeth Remsen of New 

i 



59 



York city, September 19, 1849, and had no 
children. He was thrown from his carriage 
and injured permanently, and died in 1900. 

c. John Gurley Grafton, born in Boston, Feb- 
ruary 4, 1823, and died in Paris, France, 
November 29, 1895, unmarried. 

d. Edward Clarke Grafton, born in Boston. 
Entered navy as midshipman in 1841. Lieut. 
Grafton was flag officer of the frigate " Min- 
nesota " when the " Merrimac " tried to raise the 
blockade, and took an active part in the en- 
gagement that followed ; in 1866 was com- 
mander of the " Gettysburgh " of North At- 
lantic squadron. He died in New York city 
January 24, 1876. He was never married. 

e. Charles Chapman Grafton, D.D., Rt. Rev. 
Bishop of Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, born 
April 12, 1830. Studied law in the office of 
Sohier & Welch ; afterwards went into the 
Episcopal Church and was at one time Epis- 
copal clergyman at the Church of the Ad- 
vent, Boston. 

f. James Ingersol Grafton, born June 16, 
1841 ; was at Harvard in 1862 ; captain in 2d 
Mass. Volunteer Regiment. Killed March 
16, 1865, at battle of Avery sboro, N.C. 

o;. Maria Josephine Grafton, born July 8, 1833, 
married, January 28, 1857, Charles Henry 
Mi not of Boston who was a son of John Minot 
and Calla Smith Minot, and ninth in descent 
from George Minot, the emigrant. He was 
born January ir, 1819, died February 7, 
1900. Mrs. Minot died July 12, 1893. 



60 



Their children were : 

(i) Joseph Grafton Minot, born January 
13, 1858, married, June 10, 1890, Honora 
Elizabeth Temple, daughter of Thomas 
Lindall Winthrop. 
They have a son : 

{a) Joseph Grafton Winthrop Minot, 
born October 17, 1892. 

(2) Grace Josephine Minot, born Septem- 
ber 19, 1859, married, May 12, 1886, 
Francis In man Amory, son of William 
and Anna (Sears) Amory, and they 
have three children: 

{a) Mary Josephine Amory, born June 
27, 1887. 

{b) Charles Minot Amory, born De- 
cember 6, 1889. 

(c) Francis Inman Amory, born May 
16, 1895. 

(3) Charles Henry Minot, born November 
9, 1862. At Harvard in 1886. Died 
November 30, 1887. 

5. Margaret Crease Stackpole (daughter of William 
Stackpole, Sr.), born in 1784, died May 2, 1830, mar- 
ried, October 4, 1803, Francis Welch. (For their de- 
scendants see page 29 of this book.) 



BOOTT FAMILY. 

Kirk Boott of Derby, Eng., a market gardener, born 
March 31, 1732, died June 17, 1776, aged forty-four 
years three months, of gout in the stomach. 

He left a widow and seven children. The widow died 
in Derby, December 20, 1802, aged sixty-nine, having 
been born February 13, 1733. Her son Kirk contributed 
to her support, he having become a man of property in 
Boston, Mass. 

Their children were : 

I. James Boott, who married Miss Wilson and had three 
children, who died young; afterwards married a 
Miss Farren and had five children. He was an 
auctioneer, and colonel of the Longboro militia. He 
died January 27, 182(2). 

n. Kirk Boott, came to Boston, Mass., about December 
5, 1783. (See injra for his descendants.) 

III. William Boott, called by his family Pilkin. 

IV. Frank Boott. 

V. John Boott, a market gardener. 

VI. Eliza Boott, nicknamed Blouse, sometimes called 
Betsey. Kirk, Sr., of Boston corresponded with 
her. 

VII. Nancy Ann Boott, who married late in life. 

There was a John Wright of England who was a par- 
ticular friend of Kirk Boott, Sr., of Boston. He had also 
a cousin Kirk Boott. 

II. Kirk Boott, Sr., of Boston (son of Kirk Boott of 
Derby, Eng.) was born in Derby , but left it 
January 16, 1783, went to London, and June 13, 1783, 



62 



arrived in Boston in ship ''Rosamund," Captain Barnard, 
from London. 

He left Derby on account of business misfortunes, and 
was very successful in Boston; lived at one time (1798) 
in a brick house bounded east on Sudbury street, south on 
Alden's lane, and north on Hawkins street. 

He afterwards built and lived in what is now the Revere 
house. This hotel consists of his house and covers his 
garden, which extended along Bulfinch street. 

He was for a long time one of the firm of Boott & Pratt, 
the latter the father of George W. Lyman's wife ; he 
married Mar}^ Love, born in Scotland June 4, 1776, and 
brought to Boston when three years old by her father, a 
shipmaster. She died in London in 1856. 

Her will was probated in Suffolk county, Mass., Feb- 
ruary 2, 1857. Mr. Boott died in Boston about the begin- 
ning of the year 1817, his will being probated January 20, 
1817. 

His children were nine in number, born in Boston : 

1. Frances Boott, born May 9, 1786, married Rev. 
William Wells, who with his wife lived in Cam- 
bridge, and died there. 

2. John Wright Boott, born May 3, 1788, died 
March 7, 1845, single. In 1817 he was senior 
partner in firm of Kirk Boott & Sons. 

His will is recorded (Suffolk Probate, book 143*^-187). 

The house now Revere House was dwelt in by him, and 
C. A. Welch, when engaged to Mary Love Boott, dined 
:here in 1844. 

3. Kirk Boott, born October 20, 1790, married Ann 
Haden of Derby in England, and died April 11, 
1837. (See page 64 for his descendants.) 

4. Francis Boott, who must have been next younger 



63 



than Kirk, was at Latin school, 1802, Harvard, 
1810, was a physician, and lived in London ; 
married Mary Hardcastle and had six children, 
one of whom, Francis H. Boott, married his 
cousin, Eliza Haden Boott, daughter of said last- 
named Kirk Boott. Francis Boott died in 1863. 

5. Mary Boott, married William Lyman, died 
and left no children. 

6. James Boott, born March 19, 1797, died in Eng- 
land in 1850, single. His will was allowed in 
Suffolk Probate Court, May 27, 1850. 

7. Eliza Boott, born , married Edward 
Brooks of Boston, and had two children : 

a. Edward Brooks, born , died August i, 

1850, single. 
h. Francis Brooks, who married, first, Mary 

Chadwick, by whom he had no children, and 

second, Louisa Winsor, by whom he had 

six children. 

8. Ann Boott, married Robert Ralston of Phil- 
adelphia and had three children. 

9. William Boott, born , died May 16, 1887, 
in Boston, unmarried, and left his property to his 
nephew, Francis Brooks of Medford. (See will, 
Suffolk Probate, No. 77,770.) 

Kirk Boott, the father of Mrs. Welch, was born October 
20, 1790, in Boston; entered sophomore class of Harvard, 
the class which graduated in 1809, but did not graduate ; 
went to Rugby school, England; afterwards received a 
commission in the English army, September 25, 181 1. 
He was lieutenant in the 85th, the Duke of York's regi- 
ment, under command of the future Duke of Wellington. 
He was present at the capture of San Sebastian, the pas- 



64 



sage of the Bidasso, the passage and battle of the Nivelle, 
the passage of the Nive, the siege of Bayonne, and the 
passage of the Garonne. 

His regiment being ordered to America, he resigned 
rather than hght against his native country ; went to Sand- 
hurst in 1815, and studied engineering; left the army in 
181 7, and having been married to Ann Haden of Derby 
(who is described as an ideal English lady) returned to 
this country ; was engaged with Patrick Jackson, Nathan 
Appleton, Warren Button, and Paul Mood}- in the found- 
ing of Lowell in 182 1 and 1822. 

Low^ell was incorporated in 1826. 

Mrs. Boott died June 12, 1869, she having removed, on 
her husband's death (which occurred April 11, 1837), ^^ 
Cambridge, and then to Boston. 

The children of Kirk Boott and xAnn (Haden) Boott, 
were six in number : 

1. Kirk Boott, born October 29, 1819, gradu- 
ated at Harvard College, class 1839, mar- 
ried, September 5, 1878, in New York, Helen 
Frances Miles, had one child, Kirk Boott, 
born at 208 Warren street, Roxbury, No- 
vember 2, 1879. ^^ ^^^^ April 23, 1879. 
(See will, Suffolk Probate Records, 512, 
folio 59.) The mother and child live in 
Paris, France. 

2. wSarah Anne Boott, born March, 182 1, mar- 
ried Francis H. Jackson, son of Dr. James 
Jackson, June i, 1842. He died July 5, 
1873. (See Suffolk Probate, No. 54,237.) 
She died December 13, 1886 (see Suffolk 
Probate Record, book 586, page 68) and left 
two children : 



65 



a. James Jackson, born February 23, 

1843, married Rebecca Nelson Borland, 
1878, and had three children. He died 
April 14, 1900. 

His children were : 

(i) Madeline Jackson, born July 22, 
1878, married George C. Lee, Jr., 
and had two children : 

(a) George Cabot Lee, born De- 
cember 10, 1899. 
{b) James Jackson Lee, born 
November 20, 1900. 

(2) James Jackson, born April 21, 
1881. 

(3) Rebecca Borland Jackson, born 
December 30, 1883. 

b. Elizabeth Cabot Jackson (childof Sarah 
Anne (Boott) Jackson), born June, 

1844, married Henry Winsor, Jr., De- 
cember, 1865. Henry Winsor, Jr., died 
August 28, 1894. 

3. Mary Love Boott, born October 4, 1823, 
married, August 20, 1844, C. A. Welch, died 
March 29, 1899. (For their descendants 
see page 33.) 

4. John Wright Boott, born May 9, 1825, died 
single September 5, 1884. (Suffolk Pro- 
bate, No. 72,098.) 

5. Eliza Haden Boott, born February 18, 1826, 
married her cousin, Francis H. Boott, Sep- 
tember 28, 1854, ^^^ ^s living in England 
(January, 1902). (For descendants, see 
hifra . ) 



66 



6. Frederic Boott, born February i6, 1829, 
married Helen Ruggles of Fort Dodge, 
Iowa, and left one son, Frederic Kirk Boott, 
who married and died . Botli 

Helen R. Boott and her son had deceased 
before 1888. (See Suffolk Probate.) 
The children of Eliza Haden Boott and her husband, 
Francis H. Boott, were: 

a. Mary Emily Boott, born November, 
1855, married August 20, 1876, Fred- 
eric L. Maude. 
d, Francis D. B. Boott, born April 19, 
1857, died in 1888. 

c. Annie Ellen Boott, born May 24, 1858, 
single. 

d. Hugh Hardcastle Boott, born August 
8, 1859, married Caroline Case. 

e. Kirk Boott, born November 21, i860, 
died March 10, 1861. 

y. Ethel Sophia Boott, born May 30, 
1863, single. There were twins, born in 
1862, who died a week after their birth. 



HADEN FAMILY. 

Thomas Haden of Derby, Eng., born September 22, 
1 761, a physician, married Sarah Wallis, and died January 
27, 1840, his wife having died April 25, 1819. They left 
seven children : 

1. Charles Haden, born 1784, married Emma Har- 
rison, and had five children. 

2. Richard Haden, born 1787, married Elizabeth Brod- 
erick, and had six children. 

3. Henry Haden, born 1791, single. 

4. Frederic Haden, born 1800, single. 

5. John Clark Haden, born 1804, married, first, Annie 
Omerad, second, Sarah Main, and had by her four 
children. 

'' 6. Sarah, born 1788, married James Oakes, and had 

five children. 
<J 7. Ann, born 1788, married Kirk Boott, and had six 
children (pp. 64, 65, and 66). They were twins, and 
C. A. Welch has their pictures as children. 

8. Mary Rebecca Haden, born 1795, married James 
Vivian, D.D. ; was his second wife and had no chil- 
dren. 

9. Harriet, born in 1803, married Frederic Adolphus 
Leman, and had nine children. 

Frederic Adolphus Leman was educated as a barrister 
ind was called to the bar, but gave up the law and bought 
ind ran a biscuit manufactory in London, and had nine 
hildren. 

a. Frank Haden Leman, died unmarried. 

h. Sarah Leman, died unmarried. 



68 



c. Henr}^ Bellis, died unmarried. 

d. George Keene Leman, married Jenny Strausch, 
and had children : 

(i) Jenny H. M. Leman, married in Massa- 
chusetts, George N. P. Mead, physician, 
son of George Jackson Mead. He has lived 
in Everett and Winchester, Mass., since. 
She was born in England, January 26, i860, 
and has had two children : 

(rt-) George Jackson Mead, born 1891. 
{h) Doris Neva Mead, born 1896, died 
November 10, 1900. 

(2) George Charles Leman, born June i, 
1861. 

(3) Neva Emily Leman, born August 5, 
1862, married Eric Houghton James, and 
had three children : 

(«) Heather Houghton James, born Sep- 
tember 10, 1896. 

{b) Winsome Bridget James, born Octo- 
ber 21, 1897. 

{c) Philip Douglas Houghton James, 
born November 25, 1899. 

e. William Leman, unmarried. 

J. Emma Leman, married William May, and had 

six children. 
g. Harriet Leman, unmarried. 
h. Frederic Leman, unmarried. 
i. Fanny Octavia Leman, married Ramson Moore 
Cuthbert, and had no children. 
C. A. Welch knew Mrs. Vivian and Mrs. Leman, liav- 
ing visited them with his wife in England. Mrs. Leman 
was then a widow. Charles A. Welch dined with Doctor 



69 

Vivian, who drank like an Englishman, and then attended 
some religious ceremon}^ 

Thomas Haden of Derby, has a brother. Rev. John 
Haden, D.D., who was Vicar of Wolverhampton, and had 
a large family. 

Sarah Haden, an aunt of Mrs. Welch, and twin sister 
of Mrs. Anne (Haden) Boott, married James Oakes. 
They were both dead when Charles A. Welch and his 
wife were in England. 

Her children were : 

1. James Oakes, who married Marion Mills, and had 
no children. When Charles A. Welch and his wife 
were in England and visited the Oakes' place in 
Derbyshire, he was dead, but they saw his wife, 
who was very deaf, but a great traveller. 

2. Sarah Ann Oakes, single, died January 13, 1901. 

3. Margaret Oakes, who was Doctor (afterwards Lord) 
Playfair's first wife ; he was afterwards twice married. 
The last wife, who survived him, was originally Miss 
Russell of Boston. 

4. Thomas Oakes, single. 

5. Charles Oakes, who was married and had five chil- 
dren, three sons and two daughters. 



KIRK BOOTT AND HIS EXPERIENCE IN THE 

BRITISH ARMY. 

READ BY JAMES B. FRANCIS, MAY 5, 1887. 



A FEW months since I learned that a letter had been received by a 
member of the Boott family of Boston, from the Rev. George R. 
Gleig, an Englishman, making inquiries about the late Kirk Boott, 
with whom he was associated in the British Army. As anything 
relating to Mr. Boott could not fail to be interesting to the members 
of the Old Residents' Historical Association, I ventured to write to 
Mr. Gleig, asking for information relating to him, and have received 
the following letter in reply. 

Bylands, Winchfield, Hants. 
9th of April, 1887. 

Dear Sir, — I have delayed replying to your letter of 12th of March, in 
the hope that I might be able to find out for you some scraps of knowledge 
bearing on the early education of my old comrade, Kirk Boott. I am 
sorry to say that I cannot trace his career farther back than the period in 
which he joined the 85th Light Infantry, nor follow it beyond his retire- 
ment from that regiment. I am still prosecuting my inquiries, and should 
they bring me any information worth transmitting I shall not fail to send 
it on. 

By way of preface to what follows, I must tell you that prior to the 
' year 1813, the 85th, though an excellent lighting regiment, was so torn by 
factions among the officers, that the Duke of York, then commander-in- 
chief, after trying every other plan for restoring concord among them, 
made up his mind to disperse them all through different regiments in the 
service, and to bring in a set entirely new, from the colonel commanding 
; down to the youngest ensign. To be selected as one of this body of ypung 
<\ men was a great compliment. It showed that in the regiment from which 
they were moved into the 85th they had been well thought of, and in this 
compliment Kirk Boott and I equally shared. From what regiment he 
came I never enquired, but we joined the 85th at Hythe in Kent, on the 
same day, he, I think, as a lieutenant and I an ensign. 

We went with the regiment to Spain, and on the 19th of August, 1813, 
landed at Passages. He was present at all the actions of which I have 
given an account in " The Subaltern," viz. : the capture of San Sabastian» 
the passages of the Bidaossa, the battle of the Nieve, and the Nivelle, the 
latter lasting four days, the passage of the Garonne and the siege of 



Bayoune. He, like myself, was too young an officer ever to be eutrusted 
with a separate coramand, but he was a gallant soldier and a great favorite 
in the corps. He was, moreover, remarkably good looking and one of the 
best billiard players I ever saw. 

The 85th being ordered to America, Boott, like a good patriot, refused 
to accompany it. He left us before we began our march to Bordeaux; he 
embarked at Passages for England. "What became of him afterwards I 
do not know. I returned with the 85 th to England in May, 1815, and 
after serving with it a year or two in various home stations I also retired 
from the army. 

I see that in your sketch of him you state that he studied at what was 
then our staff college, the senior department at Sandhurst; it may have 
been so, but I never saw or heard of him after bidding him good-bye in 
the camp under the walls of Bayonne. 

This letter will, I fear, be of little use to you. I do not like, however, 
to leave yours any longer unanswered, and will supplement my story with 
further details, if at a future period I obtain further information. 

It is evident to me that Kirk Boott exhibited the same energy in civil 
life that he did as an officer in the British army. He really was a very fine 
fellow. Sincerely yours, 

G. R. GLEIG. 

James B. Francis, Esq. 

I learn from other sources that Mr. Gleig is now in his ninety-first 
year, and is a prominent Episcopal clergyman, and was chaplain- 
general of the I^ritish army from 1844 to 1872. 

I found in the library of the Boston Athenaeum, " The Subaltern," 
referred to in Mr. Gleig's letter, as containing an account of the 
actions in which he and Mr. Kirk Boott were engaged in Spain and 
France. Mr. Boott was about twenty-three years old when he joined 
the 85th Light Infantry as a lieutenant, in May, 1813, with Mr. Gleig, 
who was about seven years younger. As Mr. Boott's experience in 
the British army must have had an important effect in fitting him for 
the position he subsequently held in Lowell, I have made some 
extracts from " The Subaltern," giving an account of it. 

The 85th Light Infantry landed at Passages, in the north of Spain, 
about ten miles from St. Sabastian, Aug. 18, 1813. The siege of St. 
Sabastian, occupied by the French, was then in progress. On the 
night of July •24th, an attempt had been made to take the place by 
assault, which failed. The siege, however, was not abandoned, and 
the 85th Light Infantry was ordered to take part in it. 

An additional force of artillery having been provided, on the morn- 
ing of August 27, the batteries, consisting of sixty pieces of artillery of 
eighteen to sixty-tour pounders and tvventy mortars, opened fire, 
which was continued to the evening of the 30th, when two breaches 



in the rampart had been made. In front of the rampart was the river 
Guriimea, which was fordable at low tide. Noon of August 31 had 
barely passed when the low state of the tide giving evidence that the 
river might be forded, the word was given for the forlorn hope of the 
storming party to advance. Silent as the grave, the columns moved 
forward. In one instant the leading files had cleared the trenches 
and the others followed in quick succession, when the work of death 
began. The enemy having* reserved their fire till the head of the 
column had gained the middle of the strean, then opened with the 
most deadly effect. Grape, canister, musketry, shells, -grenades, and 
every species of missile, were hurled from the ramparts, beneath 
which our gallant fellows dropped like corn before the reaper, inso- 
much that in the space of about two minutes the river was literally 
choked up with the bodies of the killed and wounded, over whom, 
without discrimination, the advancing divisions pressed on. The 
opposite bank was soon gained, and the short space between the land- 
ing-place and the foot of the breach rapidly cleared, without a single 
shot having been returned by the assailants. But here the most 
alarming prospect awaited them. Instead of a wide and tolerably 
level chasm, the breach presented the appearance of an ill-built wall, 
thrown considerably from its perpendicular, to ascend which, even 
though unopposed, would be no easy task. It was, however, too late 
to pause; besides, men's blood was hot, and their courage on fire, so 
they pressed on, clambering up as they best could, and effectually 
hindering one another from falling back, by the eagerness of the rear 
rank to follow those in front. Shouts and groans were now mingled 
with the roar of cannon and the rattle of musketry, our front ranks 
likewise had an opportunity of occasionally firing with effect, and the 
slaughter on both sides was dreadtul. 

At length the head ot the column forced its way to the summit of 
the breach, where it was met in the most gallant style by the biiyonets 
of the garrison. When I say the summit of the breach, I mean not 
to assert that our soldiers stood upon a level with their enemies, for 
this was not the case. There was a high step, perhaps two or three 
feet in height, which the assailants must surmount before they could 
gain the same ground with the defenders, and a very considerable 
period elapsed ere that step was surmounted. Here bayonet met bay- 
onet, and sabre met sabre in close and desperate strife, without the 
one party being able to advance or the other succeeding in driving 
them back. Things had continued in this state for nearly a quarter 
of an hour, when Major Snodgrass, at the head of the 13th Portu- 
guese regiment, dashed across the river by his own ford, and assaulted 
the lesser breach. This attack was made in the most cool and deter- 
mined manner, but here too, the obstacles were almost insurmount- 






able, nor is it probable that the place would have been carried at aL, 
but for a measure adopted by General Graham, such as perhaps had 
never been adopted before. Perceiving that matters were almost 
desperate, he had recourse to a desperate remed}-, and ordered our 
artillery to fire upon the breach. Xothing could be more exact or 
beautiful than this practice. Though our men stood only about two 
feet below the breach, scarcely a single ball from the guns of our 
batteries struck amongst them, while aU told with fearful exactness 
among the enemy. This fire had been kept up only a very few min- 
utes when all iit once an explosion took place such as drowned every 
other noise and apparently confounded, for an instant, the combat- 
ants on both sides. A shell from one of our mortars had exploded 
near the train, which communicated with a quantity of gunpowder 
placed under the breach. This mine the French had intended to 
spring as soon as our troops should have made good their footing or 
established themselves on the summit, but the fortunate accident just 
mentioned anticipated them. It exploded when three hundred grena- 
diers, the elite of the garrison, stood over it, and instead of sweeping the 
storming party into eternity, it only cleared a way for their advance. 
It was a spectacle as appalling and grand as the imagination can con- 
ceive, the sight of that explosion. The noise was more awful than 
any which I have ever heard before or since. Both parties stood still 
to gaze upon the havoc which had been produced, insomuch that a 
whisper might have caught your ear for a distance of several yards. 

The state of stupefaction into which they were thrown at first, did 
not, however, last long with the British troops. As the smoke and 
dust of the ruins cleared away they beheld before them a space empty 
of defenders, and they instantly rushed forward to occupy it. Utter- 
ing an appalling shout the troops sprang over the dilapidated parapet, 
and the rampart was their own. Now then began all those madden- 
ing scenes, which are witnessed only in a successful storm, of flight 
and slaughter, and parties rallying only to be broken and dispersed, 
till finally, having cleared the works to the right and left, the soldiers 
poured down into the town. 

To reach the streets they were obliged to leap about fifteen feet, or 
to make their way through the burning houses which joined the wall. 
Both courses were adopted, according as dillerent parties were guided 
iu their pursuit of the Hying enemy ; and here again the battle was 
renewed. The French fought with desperate courage ; they were 
literally driven from house to house and street to street, nor was it 
till a late hour in the evening that all opposition on their part ceased. 
Then, however, the governor, with little more than one thousand 
men, retired into the castle, whilst another detachment of perhaps 
two hundred shut themselves up in a convent. 



As soon as the fighting began to wax faint, the horrors of plunder 
and rapine succeeded. Fortunately there were few females in the 
place, but of the fate of the few which were there I cannot even 
now think without a shudder. The houses were everywhere ran- 
sacked, the furniture wantonly broken, the churches profaned, the 
images dashed to pieces, wine and spirit cellars were broken open, 
and the troops, heated already with angry passions, became absolutely 
mad by intoxication. All order and discipline were abandoned. The 
officers had no longer the slightest control over their men, who on the 
contrary controlled the officers ; nor is it by any means certain that 
several of the latter did not fall by the hands of the former, when 
they vainly attempted to bring them back to a sense of subordination. 

Night had now set in, but the darkness was effectually dispelled by 
the orlare from burning houses, which one after another took fire. The 
morning of Aug. 31 had risen upon St. Sabastian, as neat and regu- 
larly built a town as any in Spain; long before midnight it was one 
sheet of flame, and by noon on the following day little remained of it 
except its smoking ashes. The houses being lofty, like those in the 
old town of Edinburgh, and the streets straight and narrow, the fire 
flew from one to another with extraordinary rapidity. At first some 
attempts were made to extinguish it, but these soon proved useless, 
and then the only matter to be considered was how personally to 
escape its violence. Many a migration was accordingly effected from 
house to house, till at last houses enough to shelter all could no longer 
be found, and the streets became the place of rest to the majority. 

The spectacle which then presented was truly shocking. A strong 
light falling upon them from the burning houses, disclosed crowds of 
dead, dying, and intoxicated men, huddled indiscriminately together. 
Carpets, rich tapestry, beds, curtains, wearing apparel, and everything 
valuable to persons in common life, were carelessly scattered about 
upon the bloody pavement, whilst ever and anon fresh bundles of 
these were thrown from the windows above. jSTow you would see a 
drunken fellow whirling a string of watches around his head, and then 
dashing them against the wall ; then another, more provident, stuffing 
his bosom with such smaller articles as he most prized. Xext would 
come a party rolling a cask of wine or spirits before them, with loud 
exclamations, which in an instant was tapped and in an incredibly 
short space of time emptied of its contents. Then the ceaseless hum 
of conversation, the occasional laugh and wild shout of intoxication, 
the pitiable cries or deep moans of the wounded, and the uninterrupted 
roar of flames, produced altogether such a concert as no man who 
listened to it can ever forget. 

Of these various noises the greater number now began to subside 
as night passed on, and long before dawn there was a fearful silence. 



Sleep had succeeded inebriety with the bulk of the army. Of the 
poor wretches who groaned and shrieked three hours ago many had 
expired, and the very fire had almost wasted itself by consuming 
everything on which it could feed. Nothing, therefore, could now be 
heard, except an occasional faint moan, scarcely distinguii*hable from 
the heavy breathing of the sleepers, and even that was soon heard no 
more. 

The besiegers lost about twenty-five hundred men, and the besieged 
about three thousand, besides nine hundred, the remains of the 
garrison, prisoners of war. 

Various marches, skirmishes, and rest in winter quarters, occupied 
the time until Feb. 23, 1814, when they arrived before the city of 
Bayonne, which was strongly fortified and garrisoned by about fifteen 
thousand picked men of the French army under the command of 
General Thouvenot ; the main French army under Marshal Soult 
being in the immediate neighborhood. The city was regularly invested, 
and the siege soon after was commenced. About midnight of April 
11, intelligence arrived that the allies were in possession of Paris, and 
that Bonaparte had abdicated. This of course put an end to the war, 
and a flag of truce was sent into the city with the information. 
General Thouvenot refused to credit it ; he had received, he said, 
no official communication from Marshal Soult, his immediate com- 
manding officer. Under these circumstances no proposals were made 
on either side to cease from hostilities. Three days after, at three 
o'clock in the morning, we were waked up by heavy firing, and found 
that a desperate sortie had taken place, and in less than a quarter of 
an hour we were hotly engaged in action. A terrible fight was kept 
up until daylight, when the French were driven back into the city, 
losing upwards of a thousand men, the allies losing about nine 
hundred. 

Soon after this General Thouvenot received an ofticial order, which 
he considered himself bound to obey, and an armistice followed which 
ended hostilities, and on the morning of the 28th of April the white 
flag of the Bourbon was hoisted over the ramparts of the city. On 
the 8th of May the regiment struck its tents and commenced its march 
to Bordeaux, from which port it sailed for America, where it took part 
in the actions near Washington and subsequently in the battle of New 
Orleans. 



RECOLLECTIONS OF THE OLD '^STACKPOLE 

HOUSE/' 

[for the SATURDAY EVENING GAZETTE.] 



All sensible people believe with the poet that it is well for even 
good things to pass; and I am certainly not one of those who hold 
that the present can offer nothing to compare with the blessings our 
fathers enjoyed. Still, there are so many pleasant associations con- 
nected with the good old days that I think it well to recall them, even 
if distance does lend enchantment to the view, and robes the tiiree- 
hilled city in an azure hue. 

And, as memory goes back forty years or more, the old Stackpole 
House, on the corner of Milk and Devonshire streets, looms up as a 
type of the old residences of the men who lived in a grander way and 
with ampler hospitality, as Longfellow puts in, than some of us do 
now. It was originally built as a mansion house for the Stackpole 
family. It afterwards passed into the possession of the late Francis 
Welch, who also occupied it as a dwelling house. 

The year that it became a hotel I do not know exactly, but it must 
have been about sixty years ago, for it had had two landlords before it 
was made famous under the direction of the late James Walker Ryan. 
He took possession of it about the year 1840, and among my earliest 
recollections is a souvenir of the first visit of Charles Dickens to the 
United States. This hung in a gilt frame in the bar-room, and read 
as follows: 

Tremont House, Twenty-fifth January, 1842. 

My dear Sir, — Thank you for the box of cigars. I was really pleased 

to have received them, and have begun upon them with infinite relish and 

satisfaction. Faithfully yours, 

CHARLES DICKENS. 
Mr. James Ryan. 

Another autograph that at one time adorned the same place was 
this extract from Dryden : — 

'• As long as words a difi"ereut sense will bear, 
And each may be his own interpreter. 
Our airy faith will no foundation find : 
The Word 's a weathercock for every wind." 



This was signed " Daniel O'Connell, M. P.," and was written 
before the dark days which showed the " Liberator " the emptiness 
of all human honors. 

As I first remember it, the Stackpole House was a delightful old 
place. The noble front yard, with its giant horse-chestnut trees, was 
a pleasant spot to dream away a summer afternoon in. The broad 
porch, with seats on either side, offered facilities for smoking and 
tipi)ring ale in the shade that would have pleased Thackeray, who, 
like Martin Luther, loved all creature comforts. The hall was roomy, 
with doors leading to the right and left, and the stairway, with its 
massive balusters and short flights of steps, with wide landings, 
afforded opportunities for rest that in these days of elevators have 
quite disappeared. A spacious window met the gaze of the visitor as 
he entered and looked upward, and it gave a cheerful light that is not 
found in many hallways nowadays. On the lower floor was the 
dining-room, with windows looking on the yard and Devonshire Street' 
and opposite was the bar-room, with two spacious kitchens, and the 
servants' quarters in the rear. Above were rooms for private parties, 
and what was once the large double parlor, with folding doors, was 
reserved for public dinners and banquets. All these rooms were 
spacious and high-studded, with open fire-places and mantelpieces 
with quaint, old-fashioned designs. Those were the days of garrets, 
and tliis house had an attic that would now be accounted a great waste 
of room. It was dim, and its furthest recesses very dark. My youth- 
ful imagination filled it with all sorts of hobgoblins and ghosts, which 
I gathered from a tolerably well supplied library of old books. From 
this place a short flight of steps led to the roof, the upper part of which 
was enclosed by a solid balustrade, and lightuing rods shot up here 
and there with a prodigality in which the solid men of Boston at one 
time delighted. From here, until gigantic buildings began to obstruct 
the view, there was a good outlook over the city at all points. The 
cellar extended under the whole of the house. There were no base- 
ment kitchens, but in the western corner was a wine collar with deep 
arches, in which " Joey Ladle " could have taken the best vintages 
through his pores. 

The liquors were good in those days, as the merchants in the 
vicinity fully realized. To the well appointed bar-room would come 
Frank Skinner, who was noted for the quantity of liquor he would 
take for one drink. Indeed, it is recorded that on one occasion mine 
host Kyan, who was anything but a mean man, remarked, after the 
merchant had filled a tumbler to the brim with brandy: " Mr. 
Skinner, I have not yet gone into the wholesale business." Bluff, 
handsome Hairy Horton, who was built on a Websterian model, was 
also frequently seen there, and George W. Blackburn always took his 



early dinner at the Stackpole. Late dinners had not then come in. 
And what meals were served there! There were no baked meats, 
funeral or otherwise. All joints and fowl were roasted before the fire, 
and old black Susan, until she became incapacitated by age, used to 
display the perfection of Southern cooking. But Ryan was a famous 
cook himself, and his only superior in the preparation of a bird supper 
was " Gus " Taft, who still bears his honors without a rival. Long 
may he wear them! 

A lunch was always served to the patrons of the house at 11 o'clock 
A. M. each weekday, and on New Year's Day there was a grand spread, 
at which liquors and meats, and salads which the host could mix to a 
charm, were free to all comers. 

After the theatre, a choice assembly of wits and bons vivants would 
gather at the Stackpole, especially after the old Federal Street Theatre 
was reojDened by Oliver C. Wyman, who married Miss Powell, the 
daughter of one of the early managers of Boston, a most estimable 
lady, who died only a few years ago in Boxbury. John Brougham, 
then in the prime of his manhood, Tom Placide, Humphrey Bland, 
John Gilbert, Stevens, who was the husband of Mrs. rL Marion 
Stevens, not much of an actor, but a very gentlemanly fellow, and 
others of the company would make their appearance ; and Edwin 
Forrest, when he played a star engagement and set the gallery and pit 
wild with his performances of " Jack Cade " and "The Gladiator," 
would come in when the play was over. 

To digress a little, it may be said that Miss Wagstaff, a pretty actress 
who married "Count" W. P. Fettridge — the man whose name was 
identified with the manufacture of the " Balm of a Thousand Flowers " 
— and Mrs. W. H. Smith were enrolled among the actresses at the 
Federal Street Theatre, which stood on the spot now occupied by 
Messrs. Jones, McDuffee & Stratton's gigantic warehouse. I have 
seen " Beauty and the Beast," the " Fair One with Golden Locks " 
and other extravaganzas as I never expect to see them acted again, at 
this playhouse. Bland and Brougham subsequently opened the 
Adelphi, a little box of a theatre, at the corner of Court street and 
Cornhill, where their first productien was a burlesque, by Brougham, 
entitled " Cher Ryan d'Affairs Tar," a peculiar name, which, 
deciphered, meant " Cherry and Fair Star. " 

To return to our mutton chops, which were always particularly 
good at the Stackpole, — of the real old English sort, — Jim Piiddle 
and ISTed Riddle, and father of George Riddle, were among the prac- 
tical jokers who frequented the Stackpole. They were good auction- 
eers, and could knock down a man with a joke as quickly as they 
could any article with a hammer. Dick Berry, who afterwards fell 
into disgrace and went to California, was also one of the jovial fellows 



who made time pass right merrily at the same place. Samuel Law- 
rence, who also passed under a cloud, the younger brother of Amos, 
Abbott, and William Lawrence, was an occasional guest in the dining- 
room of the house. He had quite as aristocratic a bearing as his 
elder and more famous brother, Abbott, although he was an easier 
man to approach. 

Dr. Valentine, one of the best of mimics, who gave excellent mono- 
logue entertainments, always put up at the Stackpole ; and T. D. 
Rice, more familiarly known as " Jim Crow " Rice, the first imper- 
sonator of negro character in the world, were nearh' always guests at 
the Stackpole ; and a water-color portrait of the last mentioned was 
one of the pictorial attractions. It long since passed into the posses- 
sion of a New York manager as a gift from the present writer. 
Robert Hamilton, at one time stage manager of the old National 
Theatre under William Pelby, was another patron. He was an edu- 
cated Scotchman, and the author of several plays. I used to fly from 
him because he always insisted upon examining me in reg.n-d to my 
studies. He used to put some tough questions, which I dodged as 
best I could. Ball Hughes, the sculptor, was another man I tried to 
avoid, because he had a big walking-stick which he persisted in say- 
ing he could put down my throat without hurting me. I admired, 
however, the red-hot poker pictures he used to make for me on the 
covers of cigar boxes. They were wonderfully artistic in their way. 

J. W. Ryax. 



THE STACKPOLE HOUSE. 



This long celebrated hostelry is doomed. For one hundred and 
thirty-nine years its strong brick walls and tiled roofs have defied the 
winter storms and the summer heats; but to-morrow the hand of busi- 
ness progress will fall heavily upon its venerable form, and soon pros- 
trate it in the dust, thus removing another of the ties that connect the 
present with the past. Every Boston boy who has reached his three- 
score years and ten will recall it in connection with reminiscences of 
his early youth, and tell of father and grandfather, dead long and long 
ago, who remembered the Stackpole House when it was in its glory. 

The Stackpole House faced toward Milk Street, and the land in 
front, fifty-eight feet on Milk Street, belonged to it. Joliffe's lane, 
now Devonshire Street, was quite narrow, and the lot ran back down 
the lane one hundred and thirty- six feet. The lane has been 
widened since, and dignified with the name of street, and this widen- 
ing has taken away the green strip that intervened between the gable 
and the lane. 

It was William Brown who built the house in question, but at what 
precise date is not known. The first record is his sale of his brick 
house on Joliffe's lane, Feb. 25, 1729, together with the lot of fifty-six 
feet front on Milk Street, and one hundred and thirty-six deep, for 
£2500, to Jonathan Waldo. No doubt the price was currency, not 
sterling. In the next fifty years it changed hands several times. Mr. 
Waldo's daughter married Edward Tyng, and Mr. Waldo gave her the 
house. The Tyngs were a well-known Boston family. The reporter 
of the " Massachusetts Reports," a record of judicial decisions, was of 
them. The present Rev. Dr. Tyng, of New York, is of the family, 
and Stephen II. Tyng, Jr. Edward Tyng and his wife advanced in 
years, and in due season their daughter married Charles Ward 
Apthorp of New York, and the house came to them. 

In the year 1774 Mr. Apthorp conveyed the estate to Joshua Win- 
slow. The latter was its owner during and after the Revolutionary 
War. He bought, on Joliffe's lane, more land from one John Tucker, 
and increased the size of the estate. Subsequently to Mr. Winslow's 
decease, his administrator, Duncan Ingraham, of Concord, Mass., 
conveyed the estate to William Stackpole. 



William Stackpole thus came in possession of the property in 1790. 
He was a man of considerable enterprise, and John Tucker being now 
dead, and the Tucker estate in the hands of the guardians of Nathaniel 
Tucker, Mr. Stackpole bought more land from them. He widened 
Joliffe's lane, which, by the way, was then sometimes called Pudding 
lane, and not unfrequently, in common parlance, Black Jack's alley, 
from an old colored man who lived in some part of it. There are 
persons living who may remember when one or the other of these 
appellations was common. 

There had been at some unknown previous time a tannery just 
back, where now is a stable. Mr. Stackpole purchased this property 
in 1801, and added it to his possessions; and still increasing in riches, 
probably, in 1810, with Moses Wheeler, he bought the land lower 
down on Milk Street, on which there are now several brick stores, and 
other land. Mr. Stackpole resided in the house till his death, in 1813, 
and the fine old building has ever since been known by his name. 

When Mr. Stackpole's estate was divided, there fell to his daughter, 
Mrs. Margaret C. Welch, the wife of Francis Welch, the house and 
lot in Joliffe's lane, the Stackpole House, and Mr. and Mrs. Welch 
resided therein till about 1821 or 1822. Business houses began to 
encroach on the vicinity, and Mr. Francis Welch, now some forty to 
fifty years of age, found it convenient to remove to a more quiet 
location. Mr. Welch was a man of note in the generation that has 
just departed, and died, full of honors and years, in the city of 
Boston, in the month of April, 1867, aged nearly ninety-one, having 
long survived his wife, the former Miss Margaret C. Stackpole. This 
branch of the Welch family is well known in this community to-day, 
one of them a prominent member of the Suffolk bar, and another one 
of the clergy. 

After Mr. Welch left it, in 1821, the Stackpole House became a 
famous restaurant, and continued so till the glories of Parker's and 
Young's modern saloons threw it into the shade, and the thunder of 
wheels all day long destroyed its quiet and filled its parlors with dust. 
William Gallagher, whose good dinners and select parties man}* Bos- 
tonians will recollect with pleasure, kept there many years, and the 
social memories of anniversary dinners and festal occasions will long 
keep in mind the name of the Stackpole House. But as for its 
material presence, its glory is departed, and the sun of August will 
look upon uptorn foundation stones that have not seen the face of day 
for nearly a hundred and fifty years, — five whole generations. 

Francis Welch, Esq., whose decease we mentioned yesterday^ 
was a man of original and marked character. Fortunate beyond most 
men, he had the rare happiness of uuiuterruped and vigorous health 



throughout a long life, counting more than ninety years, and sunk to 
his rest at last as caltnly as a child drops to sleep. 

Bred a merchant, he earned the credit of unblemished integrity and 
utter fairness of dealing. His word was his bond, and during the 
latter half of his life he watched over the interests committed to him 
with sturdy fidelity and a vigilance as untiring as if every dollar had 
been his own. In social life also he meant all he said, and if his 
action ever varied from his word, it was in doing more than he had 
promised. 

Of spotless private life, his religion consisted in an honest purpose 
to deal justly with others and use rightly the powers God had given 
him, rather than in any value set on religious forms, though for these 
he always cherished the profoundest respect.' Independent in judg- 
ment, positive in opinion, tenacious almost to obstinacy, and, although 
a thorough gentleman, frank even to bluntnes«, he feared not the face 
of man. When a hasty bluntness had wounded any man's feelings 
his apology was always more than mere words. 

Though he passed his life in active business, and enjoyed, in his 
early years, only limited advantages of education, he was yet widely 
read in the history of his own country and most others, and in the 
lives of all eminent men. Indeed, there were so few subjects he had 
omitted that he might fairly be called a well-read and thoughtful 
student. 

Long past his threescore years and ten when the war broke out, he 
entered with hearty zeal into the national struggle. Like most men 
of his age, those whose memories ran back to our earliest history, he 
was hotly and most devotedly patriotic, and would have shed his blood 
and given his life as readily as did his grandson for the nation whose 
years counted exactly one by one with his own. 

Wendell Phillips. 



A REMINISCENCE OF THE STACKPOLE HOUSE* 

BY THE REV. INCREASE N. TARBOX, D. D. 
[From the "New Englander" for October.] 

All who have been familiarly acquainted with Boston during the 
years of the present century will remember well the " Old Stackpole 
House," as it has long been called, standing on Devonshire Street, 
midway between Milk and Water streets. This antique structure is 
now no more. The costly and splendid post-ofFice building has risen 
over the spot where it stood. When the Stackpole House was built 
upon this spot, more than 140 years ago (in 1729) Boston, as com- 



pared with its present extent, was only a large village. Here was an 
open territory, with arrangements for a choice, aristocratic, half- 
country residence. It stood, as we have said, midway between Milk 
and Water streets, but looking toward Milk Street, and with an ample 
dooryard in front. Anciently, Devonshire Street did not exist. A 
narrow lane, starting out at nearly right angles from Milk Street, 
sometimes called Joliffe's lane, and sometimes by the more plebeian 
designation of Pudding lane, ran along upon that side of the building, 
occupying a part of what has since been Devonshire Street. For 
sixty years after this house was built it was not known by its modern 
name. Different families, in the last century, and in the present, 
have occupied it for a longer or shorter time, — the Waldos, the 
Tyngs, the Apthorps, the Winslows, the Welches. In the latter part 
of the last century, Mr. William Slackpole, a wine merchant, pur- 
chased the property, and though he occupied it with his family only a 
short time, as compared with the whole term of its existence, yet 
somehow he fixed his name upon it, and it has since been known by 
no other. Undoubtedly, in his day, there was a certain gayety about 
the old mansion — a fulness in the tides of life that ebbed and flowed 
around it that made a deep impression upon the " Young Boston " of 
that generation. 

Fifty years ago the waves of business began to roll up from the 
North End and invade the region where this old family residence 
stood. In all our great cities a process of this kind is perpetually 
going on. The tides of trade move steadily forward, carrying with 
them a great army of plain work-a-day people, and the rich, fash- 
ionable, aristocratic folks are certain to retire before this onward 
movement. For many years after the Stackpole Houie ceased to be 
a genteel private residence, it was used as a fashionable restaurant, 
where the gay and lively Bostonians found good cooking, and where 
they used to assemble and unbend in festive cheer. Thirty or forty 
years ago this house was to the then citizens of Boston something like 
what the Parker House is to-day. But by degrees the business of 
this part of the city became more rough, noisy, tumultuous, and 
fashion began to retreat from this place, even as a house of entertain- 
ment. The building descended still lower in the scale of being. It 
was put to meaner and meaner uses as the years rolled on, until at 
length the ancient house and its surroundinsrs were of the coarse 
kind. Its glory had departed. The tide of festive joy that had long 
broken around it had gone never to return. During the last year of 
its existence, while it stood, as we have described it, empty and 
deserted, revealing to those who passed by its ancient halls and stair- 
ways, trodden by the generations of the dead, its antique chambers 
and curious finish, its thick walls built up in Puritan honor, to 



endure, its quaint old rooms where many had been born and many 
had died — in this broken and half dilapidated state, it was a most 
common circumstance to see some elderly Bostonian lingering in 
front of it, musing over this wreck of the past, and calling up the 
memories of other daj'^s — pointing out perhaps to some stranger, or 
younger friend, what was so full of old and pleasant associations to 
him. Before turning awa}' from the building itself, it may be well to 
pause and remember how far back among the roots of our New 
England history it reaches. It was twenty-five years old at the break- 
ing out of the French and Indian war. It was forty-six years old 
when the battle of Bunker Hill was fought. The house was built the 
year after Cotton Mather died, and three years before Mather Byles 
commenced his unique ministry at the Hollis Street Church. It was 
eleven years old at the time of Whitefield's visit to Boston. 

There is one singular fact connected with the history of this 
celebrated old mansion. In the transfers that have been made of it 
from family to family, as the years have passed on, in three separate 
instances it has gone to a daughter of the previous owner, and has 
been occupied by her in her married state, so that the new name was 
only her married name. When this fact is taken into account, it will 
be seen that the house has remained much more nearly in the same 
family line than might appear at first from the large variety of names. 
There is lying before us on the table, as we write, a little old manu- 
script sermon, very yellow and dog-eared, which was preached in one 
of the rough hill towns of eastern Connecticut in the spring of 1796. 
The manuscript is about six inches long and four broad, in its outer 
leaves, but some of the inner pages are much smaller — not more 
than three inches square. It was written just when a ministerial 
crisis had arrived. The good parson was in want of paper, and when 
he set himself to his work of preparation for the Sabbath, he had to 
do the best he could under the circumstances. He srathered together 
such fragments of paper as he found lying about — some letters lately 
received, and some broken scraps on which he had made rough drafts 
of letters, to be sent in reply, to be copied afterward in more dignified 
and shapely forms. He stitched these together, small and great, and 
made him a little book of 44 pages, though many of these pages were 
already considerably covered with writing. In inscribing his sermon 
upon these leaves he sometimes wrote across the old writing and 
sometimes around it, and so he finished a very tender and affectionate 
sermon, from John xv., 24-27, and went up the next Sabbath morning 
to the top of a high and rocky hill, and in a small, old-fashioned, 
square meeting-house, with high galleries and without any steeple, he 
preached it to a congregation of plain farming people ; but of this 
same congregation since that day have come several men who have 



6 

filled large places and are not unknown to fame. The first sentence 
of that sermon reads as follows: "This chapter is a continuation of 
Christ's farewell sermon to his dear disciples, whom he had chosen out 
of the world to bear witness to the truth of his divinity and religion." 
But when we penetrate through the sermon and decipher the writ- 
ing underneath, we discover that there was a crisis in the life of this 
good minister far more severe and trying than any occasioned by the 
lack of writing-paper. These leaves, thus hurried together, reveal 
the outlines of a correspondence which had caused anxious days and 
sleepless nights in that plain old parsonage house among the hills. 
A son from that household was in Yale College. Two years before 
he had gone there and was now midway in his college course. He 
was a specimen of manly beauty, such as one is not often permitted 
to see; and when he appeared at Xew Haven he occasioned no little 
commotion among the young people of that place. The writer has it 
on the personal testimony of a most worthy and venerable lady, who, 
after living out nearly her fourscore years in that beautiful city of her 
nativity, and leaving behind her children and grandchildren, has now 
for many years been dead, but who, at the time this student from 
eastern Connecticut came to college, in 1794, was in the full glow of 
youthful life and beauty. Her emphatic testimony, in her own words, 
was: " He was the handsomest young man that ever trod the college 
green." The same language might have been used respecting him 
that was used to describe another young man, many, many generations 
ago. " But in all Israel there was none to be so much praised as 
Absalom for his beauty; from the sole of his foot even to the crown 
of his head there was no blemish in him." This handsome 3'outh was 
the first-born son in this quiet old parsonage house, and his father and 
mother loved him as fondly as David loved Absalom. But, as in the 
case of Absalom, so now his beauty was for a snare unto him. Such 
attentions as he received, such flatteries as were lavished upon him, 
might have wrought mischief with almost any young man just com- 
ing forward in like conditions into life. Transferred, as he was, from 
a home of exceeding quiet to the temptations of a college and a city, 
these flatteries wrought mischief with him — turned him away from 
his studies, in which he might have shone, and at length involved him 
in trouble with the college authorities, as well as with merchants, 
tailors, etc. The interior and underlying correspondence in this old 
manuscript sermon is all about this student at Yale. Some of these 
letters are easily deciphered in part or in whole, while others are so 
broken that the sense cannot be made out. Dr. Dwight had then just 
commenced his presidency of Yale College, having been inducted into 
oftice in 1795. The first writing discoverable in this manuscript is the 
draft of a letter to be sent to the president. It is addressed to " Rey. 



Timothy Dwight, New Haven." [The first words are missing, but 
afterward it runs thus] : — 

" Could you see it consistent, to give him a dismission from college, I should 
be glad, as it will save me some expense which will be needless for him, and 
which I need; for his debts are crowding upon me, and it is with difficulty I 
can settle those already contracted. Rev. and dear sir, I find it very hard to 
support my son any longer in college, and he having an intention of contributing 
to procure something toward settling debts contracted, being at a great distance, 
and as I would like to see him, I am led to think it best to request a dismission 
for him from being a member of your college. I wish to have a formal inter- 
view upon this subject with you, dear sir, but seeing no way for it, I am pressed 
to present my request, by writing, in confidence of your wisdom and goodness. 
Hoping you will do the thing which is best, I am, yours." 

Next follows a letter from a highly injured and indignant tailor. 
At the end of seventj^-seven years, from the time this epis+le was 
written, letters of the same general import, we are sorry to say, are 
still going from that goodly city to various parts of our broad land. 

" I have an account against you for tailor work done for your son , last 

summer, to the amount of about forty-eight shillings, and which I was promised 
should be paid me last September, and 1 have not yet received one farthing of 
it. But I am in want of the money, and don't know how to wait long for it; 
and, indeed, I cannot. It has been a disappointment to me waiting so long. I 
must put the account into the hands of an attorney soon, if not settled. Yours, 
etc." 

And here is the draft of the letter of the father in reply. You can 
see in it the plain, honest, hard-pressed pastor, living on a small 
salary, straitened now on every side in his endeavors to educate his 
growing family. This boy at Yale is the oldest ; but other children, 
sons and daughters, are coming forward, and he wishes to give them 
all good advantages for education. In fact, as years passed away, three 
sons from this household went into professional life, and two daughters 
became the wives of distinguished ministers. But let us hear the 
letter : — 

''Sir: — You wrote me that you have an account against my son. I would 
inform you that I know nothing of it in particular, but shall make payment of 
it as soon as possible. I hope you will wait imtil I come down to New Haven , 
which I expect will be in June." 

Then there is a draft of still another letter, written to some one to 
whom money was owing, but who evidently is not so indignant and 
peremptory as the tailor was. The draft reads as follows, and from 
some internal evidence was very likely addressed to the steward of the 
college : — 

** As to the debt due to you from my son, I will give due attention to it, and 
as I am disappointed at present in respect to money, it is probable I shall be at 



New Haven or send in the course of the summer, and if so, I will endeavor to 
settle it. I would wish, sir, to have you, if you will, take the care of some things 
in college, that belong to my son, disposing of them to as goud advantage as you 
can, except the articles of hed-clothiug, which I do not wish to be disposed of. 
I would be glad, sir, if you would make some inquiry in respect to things left by 
my son and take care of them." 

Then we have the form of still another letter, written apparently to 
some one in New Haven, to whom all these letters were to be con- 
signed in a package, and who was to distribute them. This letter 
bears a distinct date, open and visible, as some of the others do not. 
It was written " May 24, 1796," and is as follows: — 

"Dear Sir, — I have tonr letters, requesting the favor that you would deliver 
them as soon as may be Avith your own hand, and should the President signify 
to you a complyance with my request in respect to my son, that you would be 
so kind as to write me." 

[The rest is cut off.] 

Some of these letters were written with the hope and expectation 
that the boy might be honorably dismissed from college, and might 
come home. But the boy was involved in such trouble with the col- 
lege authorities, as many others before and since have been, that he 
was not to be honorably dismissed, but was to be suspended or rusti- 
cated. With this disgrace upon him, the young man, with his proud 
and high spirit, could not bear to go back to his father's house, and to 
his old companionships, and so, while the father is waiting anxiously 
for news from New Haven, and is hoping to see his son, word comes 
that the dear child is suspended, and, what is still more trying, that 
he has disappeared. And so, as the tradition runs, the grieved and 
stricken father mounted his horse, and in those days of early summer, 
when the birds were singing and the fields were green, took his long, 
sad and solitary way over the hills, some fifty or sixty miles, to New 
Haven. On reaching the place and making inquiries, he concludes, 
from such information as he can gain, that the boy has gone to a town 
in western Massachusetts, where reside some relatives or intimate 
friends of the family. So again the father starts on horseback, and 
slowly makes his way up to this town, a distance from New Haven of 
some seventy miles. When he reaches the place, wear}- with his long 
and anxious journey, the sorrowful news awaits him that his truant 
son has been there, but has gone to seek his fortunes in Boston. But 
none of these things can exhaust or weary a father's love, so on he 
goes, this time a journey of some one hundred and twenty miles, to 
reach the city of Boston. There he finds the truant boy, and in his 
kindness, and being disposed to make the best of a bad case, he falls 
in with his son's entreaties, allows him to remain and helps him to 
secure a place as a student in one of the best law offices at that time 



9 

in the city. The head of that house bore an honored name then, and 
that name is still in high repute in Boston and in the land. With this 
arrangement the father went home, having made a circuit of between 
three and four hundred miles. 

The rusticated student set about his work here like one who had a 
character to retrieve. So far did he gain upon the good-will of the 
college authorities in those years, that in 1799 they conferred upon 
him the degree of A. M. and his name will be found in the triennial 
catalogue of Yale, in the list for that year, of the Uonorarii et Alibi 
Instituti. He thus obtained his degree of A. M.two years earlier 
than in the ordinary line of things. Had he gone on regularly in his 
college course, he would have graduated in 1798, and would have taken 
his A. M., according to usual custom, in 1801. The fact that it was 
conferred upon him as it was seems to be good evidence of a general 
diligence in his law studies. 

As the story used to run, it happened one night in those years 
between 179G and 1799, a fire w^as raging somewhere in the vicinity of 
the Stackpole House, and the flne-looking student, by a kind of acci- 
dent, turned out of the crowd and took the steps of the old mansion 
as a good place to see the fire. A pair of eyes happened to be look- 
ing at him out of the window, that had seen him before. The door 
vras opened, and the student was politely invited to walk in and look 
from a window where he could see the fire to still better advantage. 
This was the real beginning of an acquaintance that ripened into 
marriage. The marriage took place in the summer of 1800. Mean- 
while the law studies had been completed, and the student had 
opened for himself an office in Boston, and was expecting to make 
this the |ilace of his residence and business. 

But in 1803, during the first term of Jefferson's presidency, the 
immense territory called by the general name of Louisiana (of which 
the present State of Louisiana is only a small portion), was purchased 
from France. Our young lawyer succeeded, through the aid of friends, 
in obtaining from Jefferson the office of district attorney for this terri- 
tory, and his place of residence was to be 'New Orleans. In iSTovem- 
ber, 1803, he left Boston for that distant city — how distant in those 
days! — and as soon as he could make suitable arrangements for living 
his wife followed, with their little daughter, then two years old. Here 
everything seemed to promise for him a brilliant and successful career. 
There w^as much in his fine looks and style to captivate the people of 
that new southwest, and he rose rapidly in business, in wealth, in rep- 
utation. But in 1804 his wife died suddenly of the fever of that coun- 
try, and the little girl, after a time, was sent back to her relatives in 
Boston. At her return she was probably not far from four years old 
— old enough to remember her father, from whom she was to be now 



10 

strangely separated, after such experiences of toilsome journeying as 
do not often fall to the lot of a little child. So the months passed on 
— the little girl now in Boston prattling of her father, and of the sights 
she had seen in her southern life, and her father most busily occupied 
with the duties of his place. The business of the office had now so 
accumulated that the lawyer had with him, besides other help, a 
younger brother, who might assist him in his work, and at the same 
time stud}'' his profession. The income was so large that the District 
Attorney of Louisiana was enabled to live in such state as might seem 
becoming to a United States officer. He had servants, fine horses, 
and carriages, and was wont to appear abroad in the streets of the 
city with such show and equipage as to attract the admiration of that 
gay, half-creole population. He was rising in popularity. Office, 
honor and wealth seemed to open naturally before him. Flattering 
reports of his success and of his prospects reached his friends at the 
North, and his good father was cheered and rewarded for all his 
patience and toil. 

But New Orleans was then what it has been since, a place of wild 
and ungoverned passions. Its code of morals was exceedingly corrupt, 
and its whole st3'le of life showj' and half fantastic. It was easy for 
such a man as our district attorney to feel that when he was among 
Romans he must adopt the style of the Romans. He had not the 
moral courage to carry down to that place the simple lessons of virtue, 
truth and right which he had learned in the quiet home of his father, 
or under the teachings of President Dwight and his coadjutors at 
Yale College. Honor in that city meant something exceedingly dif- 
ferent from what was called honor among those plain Connecticut 
farmers that sat under his father's preaching. From the very nature 
of his life, from the exposures of his office, he was subject to contin- 
ual frictions and irritations. The temper of men about him was hot 
and jealous, rt^ady to take fire at a word, and what was needed to quiet 
them was a calm, just spirit, ever seeking after the true and right. 
Time had passed on until the year 1807. In a quarrel that had arisen 
with a certain man with whom he had some public business transac- 
tions, the district attorney received a challenge to fight a duel, and 
under what he deemed to be the pressure of the southern code he 
promptly and foolishly accepted it. His brother, who was in the 
oftlce with him, knew in part, but not exactly, what was passing. He 
was troubled, anxious and watchful, fearful of violence, but not know- 
ing exactly in what shape it might fall. His lodging place was not in 
the same building with his brother. Rising in the early dusk of a 
March morning, and looking out into the street, he was astonished to 
see his brother's carriage driven rapidly by, with his brother in it half- 
piuffled in a cloak. Suspicion at once flashed upon him as to what 



11 

was going forward. The carriage had disappeared. But he took it 
direction and hurried on if possible to reach it. He came up with it, 
after a long and weary race, outside of the city limits, and just in 
season to behold a horrible sight. The duel had been fought, the 
seconds and witnesses were standing round, and his brother lay pros- 
trate upon the ground, bleeding to death. He died upon the spot, and 
was buried the next day in the Protestant burying ground, where his 
ashes still lie, though his grave is entirely undesignated, and cannot 
now be found. 

The little girl, thus left an orphan, was among kindred who would 
kindly care for her, and who would abundantly provide for her wants. 
After growing to years of womanhood, she married, and not Ions: ago 
died, leaving behind her, in the city of her birth, a goodly number of 
descendants. Were we not justified in our opening sentences in say- 
ing that human life, in its unfolding, often moves in channels so 
strange and abrupt that no novelist would ever be likely, in the oper- 
ations of his fancy, to follow them or to conceive anything of the kind. 
The several portions of our story were at first so far asunder that it 
did not seem they would ever come together, and yet, now that the 
story is told, all will agree that they are but parts of one whole. 

The Stackpole House, as we have said, is no more, but the old par- 
sonage house in eastern Connecticut, where he whose singular for- 
tunes we have traced was born, is still standing in the same rustic 
quiet as of old. The birds of the air still sing about it, and build their 
nests in the trees. The cattle and sheep graze peacefully upon the 
neighboring hillsides as though this world had no trouble and sorrow. 
The meeting-house still stands upon the top of the rocky hill — not the 
same, but on the same spot — and the people from the scattered farm- 
houses still gather there Sabbath by Sabbath, to worship the God of 
their fathers. Life follows death, and death follows life in endless 
succession. 



12 



CHRONOLOGICAL* 



William Stackpole, the owner and occupant of the house that bore 
his name, was born in 1744. He married Ann Parker, nee Jackson. 
Their children were: 

1st, — Nancy Davis, born 1777; married Samuel Stillman, son of the 
Rev. Dr. Stillman; she bore him several sons, who all died unmarried. 
In 1813 she married John Holker, first French Consul-General to this 
country. Mr. Holker was of Scotch descent; his father, having 
espoused the cause of the Stuarts, was taken prisoner at the defeat of 
CuUoden, but escaped from the Tower to France, where he entered 
the service of Louis XV. Their only daughter, Adelaide, married 
Hugh M. Xelson, of Virginia, who died while major in the confederate 
service. An only child, a son bearing the same name, now survives, 
owning property in Boston transmitted to him from his great-grand- 
father Stackpole. 

2d, — Sarah Creese, born 1778; married, 1799, Edward St. Loe 
Livermore. Mr. Livermore was appointed by Washington, United 
States District Attorney, was afterwards Justice of the Supreme Court 
of New Hampshire, and represented the North Essex district, Mass., 
in Congress from 1807 to 1811. Their children now surviving are : 
Elizabeth Brown, unmarried; Caroline, wife of the Hon. J. G. 
Abbott, of Boston; Sarah Stackpole, wife of John Tatterson, of 
Southbridge, Mass.; and Mary Jane, wife of the Hon. Daniel 
Saunders, of Lowell. 

3d, — William, born 1799; married Nancj^ Hodgdon, nee Lewis; 
graduated at Harvard, studied and practised law. He did much to 
improve the breed of horses, owning the celebrated trotter, "Blue," 
and several fine racing and hunting horses. He was about the only if 
not the sole person who kept and rode after a pack of hounds in this 
vicinity. He, as well as his wife, died suddenly of fever in the West, 
leaving several children, all minors at the time: William, who died 
unmarried; Grace H. G., married George Atkinson, of the Inner 
Temple, London; J. Lewis, married Susan M. Benjamin; Roxana, 
married Frederick Dabney; J. W. Gurley, married Emeline Patter- 
son, nee Dabney; and Frederick, who died young. 

4th, — Grace Handfield, born 1782; married, in 1800, John Ward 
Gurley, first United States Attorney for Louisiana [see reminiscence 
of the Stackpole House, by the Rev. I. N. Tarbox, D. D.]. Their 



13 

only daughter married Major Joseph Grafton, U. S. A., who served 
with distinction on our northern frontier in the War of 1812; they left 
a daughter who now survives, and several sons, some of whom still 
survive. 

5th, — Margaret Creese, born 1784; married, 1803, Francis "Welch 
[see notice of Stackpole House; address by the Hon. N. B. Shurtleff, 
and obituary by Wendell Phillips]. Of their children, Margaret S. 
married J. Mansfield Brown; Francis W. married Mary Ann Humphry; 
Harriet married Rev. John C. Phillips; Edward died while member 
of the senior class of Harvard; Charles A. married Mary L. Boott; 
Rev. J. Holker, of the Society of Jesus; J. Huntington died un- 
married; Caroline M. married Edward A. Crowninshield; Margaret 
S. married for second husband J. T. Winchester; Caroline M. married 
for second husband Howard Arnold. 

Eight of the great-grandchildren of William and Ann Stackpole 
served in the Union armies during the Rebellion, in grades from 
Lieutenant to Major commanding a regiment, and one in the navy as 
Lieutenant commanding. Seven of above are recent graduates from 
Harvard. For Edward Gardner Abbott, Henry Livermore Abbott, 
James Ingersoll Grafton, and Francis Welch Crowninshield, see Har- 
vard Memorial Biographies, they having fallen on the field, or died of 
wounds there received. Major J. Lewis Stackpole, Major J. Mans- 
field Brown, Capt. Lewis Stackpole Dabney, and Lieut. Fletcher M. 
Abbott survive. 

Note. — During the occupation of Boston by British troops, two 
sisters of Mrs. Ann Stackpole married English oflficers, one a Colonel 
Handfield; of the other, name forgotten. 

Francis W. Welch. 

Brooklinb, May, 1880. 



EDWARD ST. LOE LIVERMORE. 



Edwaed St. Loe Livekmore, the subject of this sketch, was 
born in Portsmouth, N. H., April 5, 1762. He was the son of Samuel 
Livermore, a former chief justice of New Hampshire, and his wife, 
Jane, the daughter of the Kev. Arthur Browne, and was of the sixth 
generation in lineal descent from John Livermore, who emigrated to 
America in the bark" Frances," which sailed from Ipswich, England, 
during the year 1634. 

John Livermore settled first in Watertown, Mass., where he lived 
until 1665, when he removed to Wethersfield, Conn. From Wethers- 
field he went to New Haven, where his name appears in the town 
records as one of the signers of the fundamental agreement of the 
Colony of New Haven. In 1670 he returned to Watertown, where, 
after having filled many offices of trust, he died in 1685. His wife, 
Grace, died and was buried in 1686, at Chelmsford, where visitors to 
the old rural graveyard may still see an ancient, raoss-covered stone 
" erected to her memory by her dutiful children." 

Samuel Livermore, the great-grandson of John Livermore, inherited 
from his uncle, Nathaniel, the homestead in Watertown, now known 
as the "Lyman Farm," in Waltham. His wife was a daughter of 
Deacon Brown, of Boston. He was " much trusted in municipal and 
church affairs," and died at the age of seventy-one years, in 1773, 
leaving four sons, all of whom became distinguished men. 

Samuel Livermore was born in 1732. At the age of twenty he 
was graduated at Nassau Hall in New Jersey, and afterwards read 
law with Judge Trowbridge, at Beverly, Mass. Soon after being 
admitted to the bar he settled in Portsmouth, N. H., where, in 1759 j 
he married Jane, the daughter of the Rev. Arthur Browne. 

Arthur Browne was the first Episcopal minister settled in New 
Hampshire. He was born in 1699, in Drogheda, Ireland, and was a 
son of the Rev. John Browne, archdeacon of Elphin, a descendant of 
the Scottish family of Brownes of Coulstone. He was educated for 
the ministry at Trinity College, Dublin, aud was ordained by the 
Bishop of London. In 1729, under the auspices of the " British 
Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts," he was 
sent as missionary to Providence, R. I. On his way thither he landed 
at Newport, where he remained about a year in charge of Trinity 



Church. He then went to Providence, where he was settled for several 
years as rector of King's — now St. John's — Church. In 1737 he was 
called to St. John's Church of Portsmouth, l!T. H., of which he re- 
mained rector until a short time before his death, which occurred at 
Cambridge, Mass., in 1773, while he was on a visit to his daughter, 
the v/ife of the Rev. Winwood Sargent. He was a man of great learn- 
ing, and of a genial and benevolent disposition. Upon one occasion, 
as he was dining at the house of Governor Wentworth, where he was 
a frequent and welcome guest, he was ordered by the governor to per- 
form the ceremony by which the maid-servant Patty, became the 
governor's wife, Lady Wentworth, — an incident which has since 
been celebrated in verse by Longfellow. The silver tankard which 
the governor took from the table at the conclusion of the ceremony, 
and gave to Arthur Browne, is still in the possession of his descendants. 

Samuel Livermore soon became a successful lawyer, and was ap- 
pointed attorney-general for the province, and king's advocate in the 
courts of admiralty. In 1765 he removed to Londonderry, N. H., and 
in this town was born his son Arthur, who became a justice of the 
Supreme Court, chief justice of the Court of Common Pleas of New 
Hampshire, and member of Congress. About the year 1765 Samuel 
Livermore began the settlement of Holderness, in Grafton County. 
Of this place he was one of the original grantees, and he eventually 
became by purchase the owner of about one half of the township. 
There, on the banks of the Pemigewasset River, in 1769, he fixed his 
permanent residence, and lived in almost feudal state until his death. 
It is said that " he possessed but little less than absolute power over 
the inhabitants, his superiority of character adding to the influence 
he could naturally command from the extent of his possessions." 
The huge house which he built there is still known as the " Old Liver- 
more Mansion," and is now used for the Episcopal Seminary for the 
diocese of New Hampshire. After the breaking out of the War of the 
Revolution, he was made State's Attorney-General, and was several 
times a delegate to the Continental Congress. In 1782 he was ap- 
pointed chief justice of the State. He was a member of the convo- 
cation for the adoption of the Federal Constitution, under which he 
was a representative in the first Congress, and later, a senator for nine 
years. He was for several years president pro tempore of the United 
States Senate. In 1803 he died, and was buried at Holderness, in the 
shadow of the church which he built, and which he had for many 
years supported. He and his wife were noted for their loving 
charities. 

Edward St. Loe Livermore received his early education at London- 
derry and Holderness, where his father's chaplain, the Rev. Robert 
Fowle, was his tutor. He studied law at Newburyport, in the office of 



that distinguished jurist, Chief Justice Parsons. Upon being admitted 
to the bar he began the practice of law at Concord, N. H., where he 
soon attained to a high position in his profession. Here, while still 
very young, he married his first wife, Mchitable, the daughter of 
Robert Harris, Esq. She died at the age of twenty-eight years, in 
1793, leaving five children, all of whom are now dead. She was a 
highly educated, refined and agreeable woman. 

Judge Livermore's eldest son by his first marriage, Samuel, was 
educated at Harvard College. He was a friend of Captain Lawrence 
of the '* Chesapeake," under whom he served as a volunteer chaplain 
in the celebrated sea-fight with the British frigate "Shannon," in 
which he was wounded and taken prisoner. He afterwards practised 
law in New Orleans, where he amassed a considerable fortune. He 
was the author of several treatises upon different branches of the law, 
which are still referred to as authorities. At his death he left to Har- 
vard College his library of some thousand volumes, which was then 
the richest in America in works relating to the civil law. His sister, 
Harriet, was widely known and respected as a traveller in the Holy 
Land. 

Soon after the death of his first wife, Mr. Livermore removed to 
Portsmouth, where, in a short time, he became distinguished in pro- 
fessional and political life. He was appointed by President Washing- 
ton, United States District Attorney, an office which he held until 
1798, when he was made Justice of the Supreme Court of New Hamp- 
shire. In 1799 he married Sarah Creese, the daughter of William 
Stackpole, a distinguished merchant of Boston. She has been well 
described as " a woman of sweet and amiable temper, with an entire 
absence from her character of envy, hatred, and uncharitableness." 
Her consistently Christian life and deportment warmly attached to her 
all who knew her or came within the sphere of her gentle, winning 
influence. Well might be said of her, 

" None knew thee but to love thee, 
None named thee but to praise." 

She survived her husband many years, and died at Lowell, Oct. 5, 
1859. 

In politics Judge Livermore was a zealous Federalist, and took an 
active part in public affairs; but, although he lived at a period when 
party feeling was intensely bitter, his gentlemanly and courteous 
bearing and the urbanity of his manners gave him much personal 
influence even with his political opponents. After a faithful dis- 
charge for a few years of his duties as judge, he resigned his position 
upon the bench and resumed the practice of his profession. 

In 1802 he took up his residence in Newburyport; where he soon 



became a leading citizen, and was chosen to represent the town in 
the General Court of the State. " His course there was so wise and 
judicious that he was chosen to represent the North Essex District, 
then so-called, in Congress." On the 22d of December, 1807, Con- 
gress, upon recommendation of President Jefferson, passed the famous 
Embargo Act, which was intended " to countervail Napoleon's Berlin 
and Milan decrees, and the British orders in council." Judge Liver- 
more took an active part in the debates of the House upon the passage 
of this Act, and, later, used all his endeavors to have it repealed. 
Upon this subject he made in particular one very forcible and eloquent 
speech which won for him many laurels. 

In 1811, after having served for three terms in Congress, he declined 
a re-election, and soon after removed from Newburyport to Boston, 
where he lived for some years a quiet life, taking no active part in 
public affairs. In 1813, at the request of the town authorities of 
Boston, he delivered the annual oration upon the anniversary of the 
Declaration of Independence. This oration was delivered at the 
height of the War of 1812, and about a month after the sanguinary 
combat off Boston Light between the " Chesapeake " and " Shannon " 
frigates, in which his son Samuel was engaged. The details of this 
combat being as yet unknown in Boston, there was naturally among 
the townspeople a feeling of great anxiety to lea,rn the fate of their 
friends and relatives on board the " Chesapeake," and this feeling 
was probabl}^ not unmixed with bitterness toward those who had in- 
volved the country in what many believed to be a causeless war. It 
was, therefore, with the apparent sympathy of his hearers that Judge 
Livermore criticised most severely the action of the American Govern- 
ment which led to the war, — which he believed unnecessary, and 
which had brought so much misery and suffering upon the whole 
country, but especially upon the New England States, — while he paid 
a deserved tribute of praise to the gallantry and patriotism of the navj^, 
whose exploits reflected so much lustre upon the American arms. 

Soon after the close of the War of 1812, Judge Livermore caught 
the so-called "Western fever," and took his large family to Zanes- 
ville, Ohio, which was at that time looked upon as the " far West," 
with the intention of settling there. The comforts of civilization had 
not yet spread through that part of the new world. It was before 
the days of railways, and tlie long and tedious journey from the East 
had to be performed in carriages suited to the rough roads of the 
country. Judge Livermore and his family could not bring them- 
selves to su])mit to the many deprivations and hardships necessarily 
attending a residence in the West at that time, and they therefore 
soon returned to Boston. 

About 1816 Judge Livermore, desirous of passing the rest of his 



days removed from the bustle of city and political life, bought, far 
out ill the country, in the town of Tewksbury, a quiet home farm of 
about two hundred acres, called the "Gedney Estate." The mansion 
house upon this estate was beautifully situated at the confluence of 
the Merrimack and Concord rivers. Standing at an elevation of from 
forty to fifty feet above the water, it commanded a distant and lovely 
view of both the streams. Back of the house, upon the opposite side 
of the Merrimack, rose Dracut Heights, looming up as if to shield 
the spot from the north wind. The house itself was a large, old, 
rambling building, and the tradition is, that all its beams and wood- 
work were prepared in England and brought to this country for a Mr. 
Brown, who bought the estate about the middle of the last century. 
However this might be, it was certainly a lovely old mansion, a fit 
residence for its new owners, who brought to it high culture and 
breeding. Some of the older residents of the goodly city which has 
since sprung up about it may still remember the house as it then 
stood, with the lawn in front bordered on one side by a long avenue 
of Lombardy poplars, — and may also remember the hospitality which 
made it so well known in the country about. 

For many years Judge Livermore had associated with men prom- 
inent in letters and in politics in this and other countries, and had 
taken an active part in the political transactions of the times, so 
that, being endowed with a comprehensive memory, he had at his 
command a large fund of anecdotes, and his conversation was agree- 
able and instructive to all with whom he came in contact. Vi hen he 
bought the Gedney estate in Tewksbury, he called it "Belvidere," — 
a most appropriate name for so beautiful a place. Until 1826 the 
nearest place of public worship was about two miles from " Belvidere," 
at Pawtucket Falls, where the Kev. Mr. Sears, a Presbyterian minister, 
preached for many years, and here the Livermore family became con- 
stant attendants. 

When the Merrimack Manufacturing Company was organized, a 
church was built for the benefit of Mr. Kirk Boot, his family, and 
other Episcopalians connected with the manufacturing establishment. 
At the first church meeting of the new parish, a pew was kindly 
placed at the disposal of Judge Livermore. He, with his family, con- 
tinued to occupy this pew until his death, and it is still occupied by 
his eldest daughter, the only member of the family who now lives in 
Lowell. The first clergyman installed in this church was the Rev. 
Theodore Edson, the beloved pastor, who still fulfils his duties with 
unwearied zeal, not unmindful of the exhortation of St. Paul to 
" rejoice with them that do rejoice, and weep with them that weep." 

Judge Livermore lived to see a large and flourishing city grow up 
around the lonely spot he had selecled for a quiet home, and to gather 



round his fireside neighbors who would have graced societ}" in any 
city in the world. He died at " Belvidere " on the loth of September, 
1832, at the age of seventy years, and was buried in the old Granary 
Burying Ground in Boston. He left seven children by his second 
.carriage, four of whom are still living, viz.: Elizabeth Browne Liver- 
more, who lives at Lowell and is unmarried; Caroline, the wife of 
Hon. J. G. Abbott, of Boston; Sarah Stackpole, wife of John Tatter- 
son, Esq., of Southbridge, Mass.; and Mary Jane, wife of Hon. 
Daniel Saunders, of Lawrence. 

Judge Livermore, although of a quick and hot temper, was a just, 
hospitable, upright man, with 

** a tear for pity, and a hand 
Open as day for melting charity." 

The poor man never turned from his door empty-handed, or the 
afflicted without sympathy. He died in the sure hope of the resurrec- 
tion of the dead and a life to come. " The memory of the just lives 
with the just." 



Boston, Sept. 14, 1879. 



BOSTON WHARVES. 



Interesting Personal Recollections of Them Sixty 

Years Ago. 



[Written fo7' the Saturday Evening Gazctte.~\ 



An esteemed correspondent has called my attention to an 
article in a late Boston Sunday paper, entitled " Boston Wharves 
Sixty Years Ago," and he requests me to give my personal 
recollections of what Boston wharves were at that time. 

It opens up a wide field for illustration. Sixty years ago 
our wharves were the pride and boast of Boston commerce. 
One who was familiar with them at that period would not recog- 
nize in the wharves to-day the slightest resemblance, except in 
name, to those of the past. 

Sixty years ago Sea Street from old Fort Point Channel, 
Broad Street, India Street, its entire length. Commercial Street, 
its entire length, up to Charlestown old bridge, formed a con- 
tinuous mercantile marginal highway or water front. There 
was scarcely a break at any intermediate point, and vessels 
loaded and discharged directly on the avenue. 

Long Wharf, of course, is the oldest of the great wharves, 
b}' record — it having existed in Colonial times. There were 
smaller wharves at the South End known then to commerce, 
but few north of Long Wharf. 

India Wharf was the first of the large wharves built after 
the Revolution. Then came Central Wharf, built just at the 
close of the War of 1812. India Wharf was properly named, 
for on this wharf were located the principal firms engaged in 
the India trade, which even then had obtained great proportions. 

Central Wharf, at the time of its completion, was the longest 
wharf or landing pier for ships in the world. The dock was a 
corporation, but the stores were owned individually. On this 
wharf, up to about 1840, were the warehouses and counting- 
rooms of Boston's wealthiest merchants. It had a double dock. 



2 

south and north, extending to the water front on India Street, 
and six decades ago there was rarely a lime when both docks 
were not filled with sailing vessels, from the East Indiamen, 
at one end, to the New York packet schooners, at the other. 

It was on this wharf that Col. Thomas H. Perkins had his 
counting-room. Then came Healy, "William F. AVeld & Co., 
Whitne}^ William Eager, Worthington & Co., lasigi & Goddard, 
Robert C. Hooper, Stanton, Fiske & Nichols, Blake & Co., 
John Tyler & T. W. Sears, and others. It was the central 
point for our then great European trade, particularl}' that from 
the Mediterranean, and also for the West India trade. 

Long Wharf needs no historical account. It extended then 
from the channel to Broad Street. No. 1, Long Wharf, sixty 
years ago, was the building now standing at the corner of 
Chatham Row and State Street. Brimmer's T Wharf was a sort 
of side issue to Long Wharf, and yet it was in its da}' a promi- 
nent wharf. 

Commercial Wharf as it was in later years was hardly known 
in 1835. It was first called Granite Wharf from the fact that 
the block of stores erected thereon was the first of wharf 
structures to have a granite front. 

Mercantile Wharf was 7iot where the present Quinc}' Market 
is. It was where the Mercantile Wharf Block now is. It ex- 
tended on Commercial Street from City Wharf to the Baltimore 
Packet Pier ; beyond, going north, was Philadelphia Packet Pier, 
and the next beyond this, Eastern Packet Pier. 

City Wharf was a part of the grand scheme of the elder 
Quincy, in 1824, when he contemplated building the market and 
laying out North and South Market streets. It was sold by 
order of the city government in 1852, for $400,000, and Josiah 
Quincy was the purchaser. For more than twenty-five year?i it 
was the best paying piece of property in Boston. The city of 
Boston gave a lease of it to individuals for twenty years, in 1832. 
This l^ase during the crisis of 1836-37 fell to the Market Bank 
which held it up to the time of sale. The water front on Com- 
mercial Street, from Long Wharf to Commercial Wharf, was 
filled up long before Atlantic Avenue was dreamed of. If these 
personal reminiscences are acceptable I will continue them. 

P'eanklin. 



THE RIPLEY SCHOOL. 



[The following: paper was read by Hon. Sherman Hoar at a meeting of the 
Citizens' Club on Thursday, March 12, 1891. It is an exceedingly interesting 
contribution to the history of the early days of the town.] 

If, some sixty years ago, someone had left the stage coach at the 
corner of Eipley lane, now Pleasant Street, and the Great Road, now 
Main Street, and had gone down the lane, to the house now occupied 
by Mr. James H. Ellison, he would have come to the " locus " of .Ls 
Ripley school. If the stranger had entered the front door and had 
been ushered into the small room to the left thereof, he would, in all 
probability, have found in it a tall, stout man, nursing a foot swollen 
with gout and possibly reprimanding a small boy for the — to him — 
inexcusable fault of making an erroneous conjugation of a Latin or 
Greek verb. The stranger would have noticed that this man was quite 
bald, having little hair on the top of the head other than one long 
lock, which, brushed up from behind and over the scalp, acted as a 
poor substitute for the absent growth thereon. He would also have 
observed that he was before a strong-willed, aggressive person, pos- 
sessed of a temperament in which mildness had but little part. 

If the visitor, however, had continued his journey through the 
house, if he had gone up-stairs and entered the family nursery, he 
would have come upon an entirely different picture. There he would 
have seen a lovely, motherly woman, of native elegance and sim- 
plicity of manner, seated in a chair, rocking a baby's cradle with her 
foot, knitting children's socks with her fingers, while with her voice 
she at once corrected and encouraged a small boy in his Virgil, — a 
task she could easily perform, as she knew almost the whole of the 
^neid by heart. 

The two persons upon whom the stranger would have been looking 
would have been Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Ripley, at work in Mr. Ripley's 
school for boys, a school which was very famous in its day and which 
is but little known about by the present generation in our city. It 
was Mr. Ripley's school, as I have said, started by him soon after he 



became the minister of the First Parish in Waltham and before he 
was married; and yet the fame of the institution has rested largely on 
the fact that there Mrs. Sarah Bradford Ripley taught and exerted the 
wonderful influence of her sweet and womanly character. 

Mr, Ripley was a descendant of some of the best families of Con- 
cord, Mass. His father was old Dr. Ripley, for years the minister of 
the First Parish there; his mother was the widow of that William 
Emerson who was the chaplain of the little army at the " Old North 
Bridge," and the grandfather of Ralph Waldo Emerson. From his 
father, Mr. Samuel Ripley inherited a respect for, if not a love of learn- 
ing, and a disposition which was as generous as it was unfortunately 
severe. Both father and son belonged to that class of persons, very 
common in their day, by whom harshness and exact justice were 
deemed synonomous terms. The surviving scholars all speak of Mr. 
Ripley's severe cast of mind, and yet Mr. Emerson and many others 
bore willing witness to the real kindliness of his heart. It was a 
curious mixture that existed in his nature. He gave Mr. Emerson 
the money with which to obtain a foreign education; he taught, 
advised, and helped that poor mill-boy, whose fame is to-day one 
of Waltham' s treasures; he would put himself out in more ways than 
one to help d comfort the old widow of his predecessor in the 
Waltham pulpit, and yet the boys called him "Old Rip," and the 
neighbors felt afraid of him. 

Mr. Ripley came to Waltham in 1809. The parish and the town 
were then " one and inseparable," and at a town meeting held on the 
24th of August, of that year, Mr. Ripley was elected pastor of the First 
Parish, to succeed Dr. Gushing. He was ordained on the 22d of 
November, in the same year, and at the feast then given by the town 
there was furnished rum, wine and tobacco enough to satisfy the most 
royal tippler of to-day. In 1815, during Mr. Ripley's ministry, the 
first church bell ever used in Waltham was hung, and in 1822, the little 
family foot stoves, theretofore the only warmth-givers used in " meet- 
ing," gave way to the great stove, marking the first attempt in this 
town to warm the meeting-house in cold weather — I say attempt, 
advisedly. 

In 1839, Mr. Ripley resigned his pastorate, and his parish ceased 
to exist as such in 1840. He continued to preach occasionally in 
another church in Waltham, until, in 184G, he moved to Concord. 
There he lived in the famous "Old Manse," until he died very sud- 
denly on Thanksgiving eve, Nov. 24, 1847. 

Mrs. Ripley wrote of his sudden death in these words : " His own 
affectionate heart was spared the pain of parting." She evidently 
knew that his seeming severity was but a mask. 

About 1812, Mr. Ripley, then unmarried, bought the large tract of 



land now owned by Mr. Ellison and built thereon the present Ellison 
house. At that time, however, the present beautiful l-twn was not so 
extensive, for at one corner, on Main Street, stood a hotel, with all the 
accompanying out-buildings and stables. Mr. Ripley's salary at that 
time was about S700 a year, to which fact, if we remember that he 
was a town official, we may perhaps trace the origin of Waltham's 
present plan of half-paying her public officers. Thinking he needed 
more monej', Mr. Ripley started his boys' school. Its purposes were 
to increase Mr. Ripley's income and to fit beys for Harvard College, 
from which institution Mr. Ripley himself had been graduated. After 
Mrs. Ripley came to Waltham, boys who had been suspended, or, as 
it is often called, rusticated, from Harvard, came under the care of 
the family, though most of such youths did not board in the house, 
but at the Townsends', in the house now occupied by the Misses 
Townsend and Mr. Beal. I am informed that if houses could talk the 
Townsend house "could a tale unfold," which would tell of many a 
midnight lark on the part of its youthful inhabitants. 

The school was only fairly prosperous during its first years ; indeed, 
its real prosperity, as well as its real fame, dated from the day, in 1818, 
when Mr. Ripley married Sarah Alden Bradford of Boston. For 
twenty-eight years thereafter, largely because of Mrs. Ripley's intel- 
lect and character, the school grew and flourished ; and it did this, 
though the woman who was mostly responsible for its growth, had to 
entirely manage the domestic end of the establishment, to raise and 
educate seven of her ow7i children and one that she had practically 
adopted, and to care for and counsel her younger brothers and sisters 
after her mother's death. 

Mrs. Ripley was born in Boston on the 31st of July, 1793, and was 
the eldest daughter of Captain Gamaliel Bradford, a famous sea-cap- 
tain of his day. The Bradford family frequently visited Duxbury, 
where many of their relatives lived, and there the daughter met Alba 
Allyn, the child of the Duxbury minister and afterwards the wife of 
the Rev. Convers Francis, of Watertown. These two girls studied 
together, read together, and together explored the woods and swamps 
of Duxbury for flowers and animal life. To the period of this friend- 
ship may be traced the beginning of that wonderful knowledge of 
literature, languages, philosophy, history and botany, which made 
Mrs. Ripley famous in later years, and during it began that corre- 
spondence, already published, which,for variety of topics and increas- 
ing simplicity and beauty of style, is truly wonderful. 

When Mrs. Ripley came to Waltham at the age of twenty-five, she 
was thoroughly acquainted with the Latin, Greek, French, and Italian 
languages and their literature, although there was not then a first- 
class Latin, Greek, or Italian dictionary in existence in New England. 



At that time she was also a profound student of philosophy and 
natural history. Having inherited from her father that instinctive 
love for mathematics which was so often found in the old school of 
sailors who knew not logarithms, she not only thoroughly understood 
algebra, geometry, trigonometry, and calculus, when she came to 
TValtham, but she was said by Dr. Bowditch to have been one of only 
three persons in America who could follow the close mathematical 
reasoning of La Place's " Mdchauique C(^leste " in the original. 

Nor was this wonderful mental equipment all that this fair lady 
brought to her new home and its duties. During her girlhood her 
father had been often absent from home on long voyages and her 
mother's health had been very delicate. These circumstances gave to 
this eldest daughter, as she grew up, a large share in the care of the 
family of six children, the three youngest of whom became to her as 
her own, clothed, cared for, and taught almost entirely by her alone. 
She gained from such experiences of girlhood a valuable domestic 
training. On one occasion during her maidenhood, she wrote Miss 
Allyn as follows: — 

"I have been so busily engaged since mother has been at Duxbury, 
in mending old clothes and making cambric bonnets, that I have not 
had time to read, write, nor scarcely think, except about my work. 
... In the daytime while I sit at work, Daniel reads some entertain- 
ing book to me. Dear Alba, we go through the same routine of busi- 
ness here, — wash Monday, iron Tuesday, etc.; no variety except of 
books. . . . What would you say if I were to tell you I have begun 
five different books at once. ... I am reading Juvenal, a Roman 
Satirist. ... I have undertaken to instruct the little ones this winter 
and now begin to realize what has been your task for a year or two 
past. . . . Some sweet ingredient is each day mingled in my cup. 
For all these blessings I cannot be grateful enough to kind friends and 
to Him who has given me these friends." 

This letter shows the life Mrs. llipley led before coming to Wal- 
tham and the spirit in which she led it. She washed, ironed, made 
cambric bonnets, taught the children, was read to, studied Juvenal, 
and thanked God for it all. Could a country minister, on a small 
salary, trying to run a boys' school, have found a better helpmeet or 
one more perfectly fitted for her task? From the letter just read is 
gathered how the power was acquired, which in later years enabled 
Mrs. llipley to tend the baby, sew, and teach school, all at the same 
time. 

When Mrs. Ripley married, she moved directly to Waltham and 
began her duties with- the active manafjement of a household consist- 
ing of her husband, herself, and fourteen schoolboy boarders, — a 
method of spending the honeymoon not much sought after to-day. 



f 

From that time until she moved to Concord neither her body nor her 
mind had much time for rest, and yet she was the perfect personifica- 
tion of cheerfuhiess, activity, and contentment. 

The interior arrangement of the Ripley house ought now to be con- 
sidered: On the first floor, Mr. Ripley's study and the dining-room 
occupied the part of the house to the left of the hall- way, and the 
family parlor and sitting-room the part to the right thereof. Mr. 
Ripley's study was a small room with book-shelves on two sides, a 
fireplace and closet on a third side, and a desk and some pictures on 
the fourth side. Mr. Ripley's tall desk stood out from the wall in 
front of the closet and fireplace, and, standing up before it, he worked 
at his lessons or his sermons. The other desk was seldom used except 
by unfortunate lads whose habit of not preparing their lessons was 
terribly expiated by their being obliged to work out their salvation 
under Mr. Ripley's personal supervision. In this room the historical 
ruler played havoc with sedentary habits and here also occurred a 
scene which endeared Mr. Ripley forever to at least one boy in his 
school. 

Mr. Lewis Stackpole, the father of the late customs appraiser, when 
at the school, lost his father and mother quite suddenly and was left 
without means to continue his education. Going to Mr. Ripley's 
room to tell his instructor that he must leave the school, he was not a 
little surprised to hear the stern old man say, " I '11 see you as far as 
the college, Lewis, and you needn't worry or hurry about the pay." 
Later, in this same room, young Stackpole, after he had been a grad- 
uate from college, came to see Mr. Ripley about the note given for 
the tuition and board at school. Mr. Ripley got the note out of his 
pocketbook and quietly putting it into the fire, remarked, " No young 
man ought to begin life saddled with a debt." Some years later 
Stackpole paid the debt. A pretty good sort of man, this stern old 
teacher ! 

The dining-room, in which the boys and Mr. Ripley ate, was not a 
large room and it was not an altogether agreeable room for the boys. 
Mr. Ripley's sternness, if it did not take away the boys' appetites, at 
least repressed the lively spirit which at meals is a great aid to diges- 
tion. I am told by one scholar that Mr. Ripley was actually rude in 
his roughness to the boys at table ; but I doubt the accuracy of my 
informant's memory, for another tells me that Mr. Ripley was scrup- 
ulously nice in his table manners. The latter says, that when Mr. 

Ripley went away to preach he would say, " Wife, have or 

carve to-day. Don't have the meat spoiled through poor cutting by 
those country fellows," (perhaps referring to my relatives from Con- 
cord). He evidently had a certain fondness for good living. Mr. 
Ripley was a great eater, but he was also extremely sensitive in 



regard to this characteristic. He 'd order a dozen slices of toast, eat 
them all up, and then say to the boy next him, " How dare you eat all 
my toast, sir!" But if he still wanted more toast himself, the scold 
was omitted and the old gentleman spoke more like this : " I see 
you 've eaten all my toast up, John ; still if you wish for more you can 
order it." John always knew enough to give the order, though he 
never was fool enough to take the toast so ordered. 

The parlor on the other side of the hall was not often used ; it was 
for state occasions; while the sitting-room behind it was the living 
room for the Ripley family. There Mrs. Ripley had the older " rusti- 
cated " students recite to her; there her kind, motherly heart arranged 
little tables and chairs for the few very small boys who needed her pro- 
tection from the tricks of their elder associates. To this room, one 
Sunday, came an old minister on exchange for his after-dinner nap. 
He laid down on the lounge, first putting his false teeth on the mantel- 
piece. Imagine his horror when he awoke to go to afternoon service, 
and found his teeth gone, abstracted by a mischievous boy. Mrs. 
Ripley, however, always equal to any emergency, made the good man 
a substitute ^et of wax, and he got through the afternoon without his 
congregation discovering his loss. The teeth were found afterwards 
in the fire-place, and the culprit paid the penalty to Mr. Ripley, though 
Mrs. Ripley's love of real, live boys made her eyes twinkle whenever 
she told the story, which I am informed she did frequently. 

From the back corner of the house in which the dining-room was, 
ran two wings or Ls, one to the north and one to the east. The north 
wing had in it the kitchen down-stairs, and the school-room up-stairs, 
taking up practically the whole of the second floor. In the school- 
room the boys studied and recited to Mr. Ripley, and sometimes in 
later years, to Ralph "Waldo Emerson, and to Miss Elizabeth Ripley, 
a daughter of Mr. Ripley. Mrs. Ripley, the great teacher of the 
school, gave her instruction in the sitting-room, in her own room, in 
the dining-room, out under the trees on the lawn, and even while 
sitting, shelling peas, on the short flight of stairs which connected 
the second story of the main house with the school-room story of the 
north L. 

The second story of the main house was occupied by the family, 
with the exception of one room in which some of the older or rusti- 
cated boys slept. Mr. Charles A. Welch, who, I lament to say, was 
a rusticated student, slept in this room on the second floor of the main 
house, and he tells how Mrs. Hipley used to come to his room to 
teach him German while he taught her Spanish, in which he was very 
proficient, — another instance of how Mrs, Ripley got the greatest 
possible amount of value out of every moment of life. 

The third story of the main house was the boys' story. There were 



in it three rooms, one, a sort of wardroom in which stood two rows 
of boys' beds, with the little wash-stands and bureaus between them; 
and the other two, small rooms in which two or more of the older boys 
sleep. One of these smaller rooms was known as " the sweater. " It 
had no window to the open air and being directly under the roof, 
deserved well the name giveu it. In it on one occasion hung the 
hammock in which slept the son of Commodore Bainbridge, U. S. N. 
The boy desired to sleep as the men on his father's vessels slept, and 
Mrs. Kipley, who loved to humor boys in innocent matters, let him. 

The east L had a woodshed, with lattice-work front for the first 
story and a bedroom in the second story. In the middle of the wood- 
shed stood an old pump, and in the floor of the bedroom directly over 
the pump was cut a hole through which the pump was raised when it 
was desired to clean or repair its lower end. In the bedroom above 
lived for manj' years our good toAvnman, Mr. Charles Dix, who then 
worked for Mr. Ripley. Mr. Ripley had a rule that all the doors of 
the house should be locked at 9 p. m. This would have prevented 
evening excursions among the boys, had not their native genius and 
Charles Dix come to their rescue. 

The rusticated youths were forbidden visiting Cambridge by the 
college authorities, but in spite of such orders and the early hour at 
which Mr. Ripley's door was locked, they continuall}^ did visit Cam- 
bridge. How they managed the Cambridge end does not concern us. 
How they managed Mr. Ripley's closed door does. The boy, C. A. 
Welch, who got up the plan of action, tells me that he used to sneak 
out of the house in the early evening and go to the hotel and hire a 
conveyance to Cambridge; that he used to return about two in the 
morning and going up to the lattice of the woodshed, pulled on a 
string which passed through the lattice, up through the pump hole 
and into the bedroom where its other end was attached to Charles 
Dix's toe. One pull and down came Dix to open the door in the lat- 
tice and let the boy in. This plan worked very well until one cold 
night when Mrs. Ripley, fearing Welch might be chilly, sent her hus- 
band with an extra blanket to his room. An empty bed led to inves- 
tigations which prevented further escapes. 

As the Ripley children grew up the elder ones helped in the family 
arrangements. Elizabeth, the eldest, taught, and Mary (now Mrs. 
Simmonds) assisted in the domestic management of the household. 

Mr. Ripley desired to protect his children from the gaze of the 
people visiting their sons, and so he had a door cut through from the 
front entry to the stairs leading to the boys' rooms and the school- 
room, — a flight of stairs entirely separated from the family part of the 
house and formerly only reached from the front hall by goiug through 
the dining-room on the first fioor, or a bedroom on the second floor. 



8 

Of the boys who at one time or another went to this school or were 
" rusticated " there under Mr. or Mrs. Ripley's care there exists no 
complete list. A fairly full and correct list does exist and from it I 
will take a few names : — 

Luther Clark, John Clark, James Ellison, Lewis Stackpole, Joseph 
Bennet, well known as a lawyer; John Joy, Charles A. "Welch and his 
brother Francis; Francis Boot, Mr. Arthur T. Lyman's brother-in- 
law; Antoine Garcia, two of the Dabneys, George Bemis, Henry Lee, 
now of Lee, Higginson & Co., of Boston ; Edward Everett, Jr., 
Alfred Dunkin, brother of the late Mrs. Adams; Ben Hunt, the 
famous collector of books in Philadelphia; Geo. W. Miners, Alden 
and Edward Clark, James and Henry Hobbs, Edward and Henry 
Milliken, the latter the well-known benefactor of our hospital; Henry 
Durant, William E. Bright, one of Waltham's best citizens; John 
Spooner, Stephen Cabot, Senator Geo. F. Hoar, George M. Brooks, 
the present Middlesex judge of probate; George Lowell, William 
Winter, Caleb Curtis, Samuel Tuckermau, Abbott Lawrence, Edward 
and Paul Revere, Henry Parker, Edward Fiske, and William and 
Arthur T. Lyman. 

In the spring of 1846 the school at Waltham was closed. Some 
boys went to Concord with the Ripleys and lived there until the col- 
lege examinations, and then the last of the school-teaching came for 
both the husband and wife. Mr. Ripley died in about a year and a 
half, while Mrs. Ripley lived until the summer of 1867, when she also 
fell asleep. 

When the Riplej's left Waltham, Mr. Ripley gave his library to the 
Rumford Institute and it formed the basis of our present Public 
Library. This library always had been at the disposal of his parish- 
ioners and friends; and, although the townspeople felt a little afraid 
of the lender, they could not resist the opportunity offered to borrow 
from his small but well-selected stock. Mr. Ripley was known in 
Waltham as a regular attendant not only upon church but upon fires, 
and his advice upon such occasions was freely given, whether sought 
or not. He was also a leadius: Mason and was violent in his denun- 
elation of the anti- Mason movement and its promoters. 

Mrs. Ripley's letters have, as I have said, been already published, 
and I know of no more interesting or elevating reading. They tell of 
her love for nature, for tlowers, and for the lichens which she used 
to gather on Prospect before she got the family breakfast. They tell 
of the fawn, which put its nose in her hand in Prospect Wood in 
1S44. They speak ot her reading books on all subjects and in num- 
erous lansjuasres, and of her domestic cares and love of her children. 
One of them tells us of her reading Pindar and Mather's "Magnalia," 
and then goes on like this: "Another Saturday night finds my page 



9 

unfinished, it is twelve o'clock and I have just made the last prepara- 
tion for the Sabbath, that I, as well as my four-footed brethren, may 
enjoy comparative leisure for one day at least, if it can be called leisure 
to rise at half-past six, wash the babies before breakfast, look after 
the tidiness of fifteen boys and walk half a mile to meeting under a 
burning sun." 

These letters discuss Greek poetry, English, Spanish, Italian, German, 
and French literature, mathematical and philosophical problems, and 
they recite, side by side with such discussions, the plans for Phoebe's 
new gown, the hopes of the successful issue of baby's back tooth, the 
pleasure taken in the daughter's intelligence, and in that daughter's 
beauty and usefulness, and the fun derived from some boyish freak on 
the part of a student. Surely, such letters could only come from the pen 
of a woman almost perfect in heart and mind, and, you would almost 
say, in body. Mrs. Ripley's mind and character were the elements in 
her which impressed people. She was a little careless of her dress and 
gave almost no attention to her personal appearance. Still, Mr. 
Emerson has written that, " as she grew older, her personal beauty, 
not remarked in youth, drew the notice of all." Dr. Hedge once 
described Mrs. Ripley as follows: " A figure somewhat exceeding in 
height the average stature of woman, motions quick and angular with- 
out being exactly awkward, a face not physically fair nor yet plain, 
but radiant with intellectual and moral beauty, a constant play of 
expression, eyes charged with intelligence, quick gleaming from 
speaker to speaker as the cup of social converse went 'round, — such 
is the image she has left in my memory." 

During her whole life Mrs. Ripley was subject to attacks of acute 
indigestion and to nervous headaches, and yet, though much of her 
work had to be done when she was in poor condition, her ailments, 
which might have been called chronic, seldom kept her from her 
duties. She wrote in 1833 to a friend : — 

" The journal of one day would serve for all: the morning spent in 
hearing recitations; the afternoon in the labors of the needle or the 
horrors of indigestion; in the evening the old machine refuses any 
further service, unless it be to take apart in the village gossip." 

While we are considering Mrs. Ripley, it may be well to mention 
that she was the wife of a country minister and that to all her other 
labors, had to be added the duties of making and receiving calls, of 
attending sick beds and of performing all those innumerable little 
offices which fall to the lot of a minister's " better half." 

One of Mrs. Ripley's pupils writes me as follows : — 

" Although, at the time, Mr. Lyman's little ponds, in which he 
liberally allowed us to splash on summer afternoons, and the magnifi- 
cent beef, from his herd of polled cattle, frequently appearing on our 



10 

dinner table, were, to a lot of semi-worthless boys, the substantial 
attractions of Walthara; now, after fiftj'' years, there remains in our 
memories the net result of our residence there, 'a possession forever,' 
the sweet, gracious, and dignified presence of Mrs. Ripley, like a 
family portrait by Copley or Sir Joshua Reynolds, revealing to us, 
what was the real privilege and distinction of the school. 

" Mr. Emerson somewhere says or quotes that ' on a spring morning 
every man's sins are forgiven.' So felt the boy conscious of many 
delinquencies, coming to recite his lesson to that gentle lady. And 
if, in the sands of his life, there was any vein, streak or oasis of any- 
thing better, her eye was always quic-: lo recognize it and her wisdom 
and quiet tact careful to keep it prominent." 

One of Mrs. Ripley's daughters says that her mother "did not 
attempt to enforce any discipline in the school, but she told the boys 
that whenever they behaved badly when they came to the school, the 
next morning they would not find her there," — a caution which pro- 
duced excellent results. 

Let me now close my paper by reading the following about Mrs. 
Ripley from the pen of Col. Henry Lee, of Lee, Higginson & Co., 
who, if he owes his own character and attainments to Mrs. Ripley, 
will be a worthy aigument for her powers as long as he lives: — 

" The wife of the minister of a large country parish whose paro- 
chial labor she shared, the mother of a large family, the mistress of a 
household increased by boarding scholars, neither the heavy exactions 
of parishioners, or importunate maternal pains and anxieties, nor 
household economies faithfully attended to, served to exhaust her; 
she still found time and strength to devote to two or three school- 
boys preparing for college, or more advanced students rusticated for 
idleness and academic misdemeanors. And what a wealth of thought 
and feeling she poured out for these pupils I Illumined by her clear 
intellect, the knottiest problem was disentangled; embellished by such 
a lover of learning, the driest subject was made interesting. The 
veriest scapegrace was reduced to thoughtfulness, the most hopeless 
dullard caught a gleam of light, her faith in their intuitions and capa- 
bilities lifted them and shamed or encouraged them to efforts impos- 
sible under another instructor; for she did not merely impart instruc- 
tion ; she educated all the powers of the mind and heart. Many 
scholars now eminent can date their first glimpse of the region above, 
their first venture upon the steep path, to the loving enthusiasm, the 
cheering assurances of this inspired teacher and friend. They who 
fainted or strayed without fulfilling her confident predictions must 
look back with astonishment at this brilliant period of their lives and 
regret that her influence could not have extended over a longer 
period." 



11 

Waltham thinks highly of her fame as a nursery of manufactures 
and inventions. The prizes the renown of some of her sons, and she 
loves to dwell on their prowess in arts of war and peace. She ought 
not to stop there, but should also wreath in garlands of respect and 
affection the memory of the gentle lady who was the mistress of the 
Ripley School. 



THE LAYING OF THE CORNER-STONE 



OF THE 



NEW BOSTON POST OFFICE. 

OCTOBER J6, I87I. 



The Procession, Ceremonies at the Post Office, and Remarks 

of Hon. N. B. Shurtleff . 



The corner-stone of the new Post Oflice and Sub-Treasury 
Building was laid with appropriate and imposing exercises 
to-da}' in the presence of a distinguished compan}-, including 
the President and his Cabinet, with other invited guests, among 
whom were large numbers of Post OflSce emploj'ees in this 
country and Canada. 

The President and his suite were waited upon l)y the City 
Committee at the St. James Hotel at 9.30 a. m., and were soon 
afterward joined by Governor Claflflin, the Council and aids, and 
other State dignitaries. The heads of Government offices in 
and around Boston were also present in considerable number. 

At ten o'clock the President entered the gentlemen's parlor, 
where an informal reception took place, Hon. E. R. Hoar, Hon. 
Henry Wilson, Collector Russell, Ex-Governor Stearns of New 
Plampshire, Senator Sawyer of South Carolina, Governor Clafflin 
and Lieut. -Governor Tucker, and others taking the opportunity 
to pay their respects to the national Chief Magistrate. 

In the ladies' parlor, Mrs. Grant and her daughter also 
received those who desired introductions, and the line of ladies 
who availed themselves of the privilege was nearly an hour long, 
besides being eminently respectable. 

At eleven o'clock the entertainers and their guests entered 
carriages at the door of the hotel, the National Lancers, Capt. 
O. H. P. Smith, being in waiting to escort them to the line of 
procession forming on Columbus Avenue. The President of 



the United States and his Honor Mayor Gaston occupied the 
first carriaire ; Vice-President Colfax and his Excellencv Gov- 
ernor CUifflin, the second; Postmaster-General Creswell and 
Alderman Little, Chairman of the Committee of Arrangements, 
the third ; Secretary of War Belknap, Secretar}^ of the Navy 
Robeson, and Lieut. -Gov. Tucker, the fourth; Hon. Ginery 
Twichell, Chairman of the Postal Committee of Congress, and 
Senator Catlell of New Jersey, the fifth; Senators Wilson of 
Massachusetts and Saw\'er of Soutii Carolina, the sixth ; Gen- 
erals Haven and Ingalls, and Mr. Mullett, Supervising Archi- 
tect in the seventh ; Generals Babcock and Porter and Colonel 
R. G. Usher in tlio eighth ; Admiral Stedman and General 
Benham in the ninth ; officers of the Swedish frigate '• Josi-fine " 
in the tenth ; Hon. E. R. Hoar, Hon. F. W. Lincoln, Alpheus 
Hard}', and Dr. G. B. Loring in the eleventh. 

State and city officials occupied the carriages tliat followed. 
The carriages containing guests were each accompanied by a 
meml)er of the city committee. 

The cortege left the St. James at a quarter past eleven, and 
proceeded directly to Columbus Avenue. 

The ladies of the presidential party, to the number of forty- 
four, soon after took position to view the procession, on a grand 
stand, erected by the city committee on Franklin Square, facing 
Washington Street. 

The President reached the Common at about 12.45, and was 
loudly and repeatedly cheered. The whole route was crowded 
with people anxious to obtain a view of the President and the 
distinguished gentlemen with him. 

Along the route of the procession the citizens had made a 
liberal display of flags and bunting in honor of the occasion. 

On Colnmbus Avenue the decorations were qnite general. The 
residence of C. Langmaid, No. 359, had a neat glory of flags, 
inclosing a portrait of President Grant, over the portal, with 
the inscription, " By the sword he seeks the calm repose of 
Liberty." 

The residences of Messrs. Leatherbee and Alderman Rich, 
Nos. 381 and 383, were very giacefnlly festooned with strips of 
red, white, and blue bunting, and the residences of Messrs. 
Atwood and Knight, Nos. 414 and 416, and Mr. Henry, No. 
430, were rendered very attractive by festoons of flags fastened 



3 

with shields, and also by a good display of the emblems of the 
Masonic fraternity. 

The following is the extremely interesting historical address 
delivered by Hon. N. B. Shurtleff immediately preceding the 
placing of the box with contents within the corner-stone : — 

A few words in relation to the site of the new edifice for the 
accommodation of the Sub-Treasury and the Post Office, the 
corner-stone of which you have assembled to see laid with 
appropriate ceremonies, in the presence of the Chief Magistrate 
of the nation and other illustrious personages, and also a brief 
account of the postal arrangements which have in past times 
existed here, have been deemed pro{)er for this occasion. 

The spot on which we now stand and which has been selected 
for the building demands our first attention. Like all parts of 
our ancient metropolis, it has its own peculiar history, and 
somewhat interesting associations dating back nearly two and a 
half centuries. The time allowed on an occasion like this, 
however, will not permit more than a cursor}' mention of a few 
of the principal facts, which will give a general idea of what 
have been the immediate surroundings of the place in times that 
have passed, and, therefore, your attention will not be wearied 
with extended details. 

In the olden time, in the early days of Boston, the peninsular 
part of the town was very irregular in the form of its water 
border, extensive coves and in'ets indenting its rugged shores 
at various points, and the outpourings of springs finding their 
tortuous ways to the contiguous river and harbor through 
numerous water-courses. In this very neighborhood once flowed 
and ebbed the tide waters within one of these remarkable con- 
formations, which sent its branches northward and southward, 
covering a large extent from Water Street to Summer Street, 
and extending from the old Springate, just west of us, over 
Devonshire Street (the Pudding Lane of our fathers) through 
"Water and Central streets, and the ancient Oliver's Dock, under 
Mackerel Bridge, to the sea. Here, on what was marsh land, 
onl}' fit for tan vats two hundred years ago, and where the 
surroundings were creeks and bogs, 3'ou now place the corner- 
stone of one of the most solid and substantial structures of our 
flourishing: citv. 

When the lands were laid out to the earlv settlers of the town, 



some of the principal men had their lots assigned to them very 
near to this. It is the oldest part of the town. Directly south 
of it was the old Fort Street, so called because it was the \vay 
that led to the Fort, which was commenced in May, 1G32, and 
on the north was a portion of the old Springate, the way that 
led from the spring to Oliver's Dock. Both of these names 
were subsequently changed — probabl}" for some good reason — 
the one to Milk Street and the other to Water Street. On the 
west, where the building will have its front, was Pudding Lane, 
subsequently called Jollifi's Lane, and sometimes Rowe's Lane 
and Black Jack Alle3% and finall}', about the year 1784, when 
the streets began to have new names, it was designated as Dev- 
onshire Street, the name it now bears. This large lot formerly 
extended to Bath Street, which once, on account of the business 
conducted there, was known as Tanners' Lane; but iu 1763 it 
was reduced in size by the laying out of the present Congress 
Street, formerly known as Dalton's Lane, taking its name from 
Capt. James Dalton, who gave the land to be used as a 
public highway. 

The large lot was originally granted to John Spoor, and from 
him it passed to a Mr. Nicholas Willis about the year 1648, who 
obtaiLcd the whole estate reaching fiom Devonshire Street to 
Bath Street, for the sum of sixt3'-six pounds lawful mone}', a 
price which, with the present valuation, would not now purchase 
a portion of the land only two feet square. In those days Mr, 
Spoor and liis immediate successors had the privilege of wharf- 
age on the creek that flowed into Oliver's Dock, and of the fresh 
and sparkling water t){ the Governor's spring, that flowed so 
freely and so purely and so cooU}' from the adjacent Springate. 

It may be curious to know who were the immediate neighbors 
to Mr. Spoor, the ancient proprietor of the present post-otlice 
lot, the first ever purchased in Boston for postal accommodation. 
A little to tiie west, on the highway to Roxbury, now Wash- 
ington Street, was the possession of Gov. John Winthrop, 
nearly the same as the estate now owned by the Old South 
Society. 

Here was the Governor's house, on the site of South Row, the 
Governor's garden at the corner of Milk Street, and the Gov- 
ernor's spring, already alluded to, at the bend in Spring Lane, 
early known as the Springate. Just across Devonshire Street 



dwelt Mr. William Hibbens, one of the most noted of the early 
magistrates of the town, but perhaps better known to us of 
modern days as the husband of Governor Bellinp:ham's sister 
Ann, who, having, perhaps, more intelligence and less discretion 
than her neighbors, was hung as a witch on Boston Common in 
the year 1656. Other neighbors of Mr. Spoor were Elder Thomas 
Leverettandhis soldierly son, John, the Governor, who lived just 
over the creek near State Street, which before the Revolution 
was known as King Street, and still earlier as Water Street. 
At the northerly end of Pudding Lane was the old meeting 
house where John Wilson, the teacher, and John Cotton, the 
pastor, dispensed religious instruction ; and all along the old 
highway from State Street to the Governor's lot, and backing 
upon the same lane, were the abodes of the famous Capt. 
Robert Keayne, the earliest commander of the Artillery Com- 
pan}' ; Henry Webb, who made the princely gift of his estate 
to Harvard College, and Goodman James Oliver, the excel- 
lent Elder of the First Church. On lots within the sound of 
voice dwelt Robert Reinolds, the cordwainer; John Stevenson, 
the shoemaker, — he whose widow married William Blaxton, 
the first English settler of the peninsula ; Nathaniel Bishop, 
the currier; Elder James Penn, the beadle; P'rancis Lyle, the 
surgeon-barber ; Thomas Grnbb, the leather-dresser, and Arthur 
Perrv, the tailor. Thus, we see, iu a very small compass were 
located the principal craftsmen of the infant colony, — men 
who possessed the necessary resources for the nursery of a 
prosperous town, the municipality of New England. 

Mr. Willis, the successor of Mr. Spoor, died about 1650, and 
the estate passed to Deacon Henry Bridgliam. In the Deacon's 
family it remained many years, until, by divisions and sub- 
divisions, it passed to other owners too numerous for the 
present mention. In course of time it was occupied by some of 
the most distinguished townsmen of their day. One old brick 
house, constructed with massive walls in true baronial style, 
stood near the line of Devonshire Street, very near where the 
entrance of the new edifice will present its very imposing archi- 
tectural ornaments. This, the mansion house of Mr. William 
Brown, one of the opulent merchants of his day, was built about 
the commencement of the last centurv, and sold bv him to Mr. 
Jonathan Waldo on the twenty-fifth of February, 1729, who 



gave it to his daughter, the wile of Mr. Edward Tyng. This 
part of the Post Office estate passed down to owners, one after 
another, until, with other land, it became the possession of the 
noted patriot, Joshua Winslow, whose administrator sold it by 
public auction, in the year 1790, to Mr. William Stackpole, a 
wealthy merchant, to whom it was conveyed by deed dated 
May 7 of the same 3''ear. 

Other land was bought by Mr. Stackpole of various persons, 
and the estate became greath' enlarged. After the decease of 
Mr. Stackpole his estate was divided, and that at the comer of 
Milk and Devonshire streets became the property of Mrs. Mar- 
garet Crease Welch, a daughter the wife of the late Francis 
"Welch, whose heirs convej-ed their rights to the United States. 
Other estates were also purchased by the Government in order to 
make the lot of suitable size and shape for the intended building. 
These estates have been desiofnated as the Rowe estate, on Water 
Street, because it formerl}" belonged to Mr. John Rowe, and 
more recentlj' to the heirs of Mr. Joseph Rowe ; the estate of 
the Merchants' Insurance Compan}', also on Water Street ; the 
Speakman estate, owned b}' Mrs. Mar}' Jane Quincy, situated 
on Devonshire Street ; and the Goddard estate, on Milk Street, 
formerly owned by Dr. John Fleet ami Mr. Ebenezer Niles. 
To attempt to describe more particularlj- these old estates would 
be ver}-" wearisome ; and although much might be said of interest 
concerning the events that have transpired in the old Stackpole 
house, and its neighbor, the old Julien house, the present would 
not be the proper occasion for such reminiscences. 

But before leaving the subject of this site, it should not be 
forgotten that Franklin, the great Bostonian, was born in the 
old house in Milk Street, a few rods distant, and that the man- 
sion houses of the patriotic James Bowdoin and Robert Treat 
Paine were on the opposite side of Milk Street. 

It may be more agreeable, perhaps, to turn from this dry 
subject and revert to the early postal arrangements of Boston. 
In the early days of the American C olonies the postal system 
was very simple. Letters were brouglit from across the seas by 
shipmasters and passengers, and were distributed here in the 
best manner that the times allowed by storekeepers and travel- 
ling traders ; and it is very probable that the only mail bags for 
many years were simply leathern [)0cket8 or well wrinkled boot 



legs. No regular mails, or post riders, or post offices were 
ki)Own till several years after the arrival of the Plymouth Pil- 
grims and the Massachusetts Puritans. It was not until the 
year 1639 that the Colonial Legislature took an}' steps in refer- 
ence to postal matters. On the fifth of November of that year 
the first attempt to establish an office in Boston v;as made, by 
the passage of the following order by the General Court, held 
in Boston : — 

" F^or p'ventins; the miscarrige of letters ; & it is ordei-ed, 
that notice bee given that Rich'rd Fairbanks his house in Bos- 
ton is the place appointed for all letters which are brought from 
beyond the seas, or are to bee sent thither, are to bee lirought 
unto ; & hee is to take care that they bee delivered or sent 
according to their directions ; & hee is allowed for every such 
letter a Id., & must answere all miscarriages through his owne 
neglect in this kind, p'vided that no man shal bee compelled to 
bring his letters thither, except hee please." 

How the General Court could be induced to place such confi- 
d^^nce in Mr. Fairbanks is a wonder to those who know that he 
had been disarmed bv the Court two years before because he 
belonged to the sect called Opinionists, who were seduced and 
led into dangerous errors by the opinions and revelations of 
Mr. John Wheelwright and Mrs. Ann Hutchinson ; and yet this 
same Mr. Fairbanks who had held the responsible oflSce of town 
hos reeve, was allowed bv the same authoritv to sell wine and 
strong water. How long this publican was allowed to exercise 
his function at his house, which was not far from the northerly 
corner of Water and Washington streets, is not known; but it 
is a matter of record that on the sixth day of January, 1673-74, 
the Court took action on the subject of postal pa}' in the fol- 
lowing words : — 

"Whereas the publick occasions of the country doe fre- 
quently require that messengers be sent post, and as yet, no 
stated allowance settled in such cases, it is ordered bv this 
Court & the authorit}- thereof, that from henceforth every per- 
son so sent vpon the pubiicke service of the country* shall be 
allowed by the Treasurer after the rate of three pence a mile to 
the place lo which he is sent, in money, as full satisfaction for 
the expense of horse & man ; and no inholder shall take of any 
such messenger or others trava3'ling vpon pubiicke service more 



8 

then two shillings p' bushel] for oates, ami fewer pence for hay, 
day and night." 

Notwithstanding this increase of pay, the postmen neglected 
their duties, and the merchants began seriously to complain ; so 
much so, that on the first of June, 1677, the General Court took 
action as follows : — 

"In answer to the request of several merchants of Boston, 
declaring that they have heard many complaints made b}' mer- 
chants and others that have binn sencible of the losse of letters, 
whereby merchants with their friends & iraployers in forreigne 
parts are greatly damified, many times letters are throune vpon 
the exchange, that who will may take them vp, &c., therefore 
humbly desire this Court to depute some meete person to take 
in & convev letters accordins: to vr direction, this Court iuds-eth 
it meete to grant the petitioners request herein, & haue made 
choyce of Mr. John Hay ward, the scrivener, to be the person 
for that service." 

Mr. Haj'ward seems to have succeeded in giving satisfaction, 
for in June, 1680, he was, on petition, continued in office. By 
the order of Court it appears ihat important improvements were 
made at that time, for the postmaster was required " to receive 
in letters and take care for the sending of them to the owners 
according to superscription," and that '• all masters of ships or 
other vessels doe, vpon their arrivall, send their letters that 
come in the bagg to the said Post Office, except as they shall 
particularly take care to deliver with their owne hands ; and 
that said Hayward, or postmaster, be allowed lor euery letter 
one penny in money, and for euery packet of two or more two 
pence in mone}'." Here is seen the first rudiments of penny 
postage and of letter carriage, and also evidence that mail-bags 
were then in use in vessels. Thus, under the Colony Charter, 
postal matters began to assume some considerable system under 
the power of the General Court. On the repeal, however, of 
the Colonial Charter, this power was lost to the Legislature. 
On the arrival of Sir Edmund Andros in Virginia, in 1692, a 
patent was laid before the Virginia Assembly for making Tliomas 
Neal Postmaster General, and Andrew Hamilton Deputy Post- 
master for British America ; but although the Asscmbl}^ passed 
an act in favor of the patent, it had no effect, probibl}-^ on 
account of the difficulty to carry it into cflTect, in consequence of 
the dispersed situation of the people. 



In this condition the postal matters continued until the year 
1710, when the British Parliament made an attempt to encour- 
age the trade to America, and to increase postal facilities. 
Indeed, the storekeepers did their best for keeping up a post 
oflSce in Boston, and on the establishment of the Boston Neivs- 
Letter, in 1704, John Campbell was appointed postmaster, an 
office that he held until 1719, when William Brocker was 
appointed to succeed him. The newspaper publisher was gen- 
erally the postmaster, the position being very desirable on 
account of the facility which it gave for circulating the papers. 
On the removal of Mr. Campbell he continued his paper, and 
his successor, Brocker, set up the Boston Gazette in connection 
with his post office, but he was superseded, in a few months, 
by Philip Masgrave, in 1719. The act of Parliament, which 
took effect on the 24th of September, 1711, was entitled, '• an 
act for establishing a General Post Office for all her Majesty's 
Dominions, and for settUng a weekly sum out of the reve- 
nues thereof for the service of the war, and other of her 
Majesty's occasions." Provision was made for a general letter 
office and post office in London, and for other chief letter offices 
in Scotland, Ireland, North America, and the West Indies. 
One oflSce was to be kept in New York, and others in conven- 
ient pl'ices in each of the provinces and colonies. The rate of 
postage was one shilling for single ship letters from London, 
two shillings for double, and four shillings for those weighing 
an ounce ; for letters within sixty miles of New York, four 
pence for single, and eight for double. 

On the death of the Postmaster-General for America, in 1753, 
Dr. Franklin and William Hunter were commissioned to suc- 
ceed him ; and from this time an improvement in postal matters 
was discernible. The custom of passing the mail bag a'ound 
from house to house and from store to store was superseded by 
the post-rider, and after a while the mail coaches were estab- 
lished, running, however, with very little frequency, and with 
almost a snail's pace. 

It would be of very little use to give in detail the names of 
the persons who served as postmasters under the act of Parlia- 
ment of the year 1710. Suffice it to say that in the days of the 
Revolution, Tuthill Hubbard acted in that capacity in Boston, 
under Benjamin Franklin and John Foxcroft, who were the last 



10 

Deputy Postmasters for North America, under foreign appoint- 
ment. Hubbard was succeeded by Jonathan Hastings, who was 
continued in the office of postmaster after the establishment of 
the Department of the United States Government. Mr. Hast- 
ings remained in office until the year 1809, when he was suc- 
ceeded by Aaron Hill, who held office until 1829. Other 
postmasters were : Nathaniel Greene, in 1829 ; William Hayden, 
in 1849 ; George W. Gordon, in 1852 ; Pxlwin C. Bailey, in 1854 ; 
Nahum Capen, in 1858 ; John G. Palfrey, in 1861 ; and William 
L. Burt, the present incuuibent, in 1867. 

For most of the time previous to the Revolution, the office 
was in that part of Washington Street former!}' known as 
Cornhill, between Water Street and the street now known as 
Cornhill. On the second of October, 1714, the post office under 
Mr. Campbell was destroyed by fire, and for several years after 
this time the office was in Newbury Street, a short distance 
south of Summer Street, in the present Washington Street. Dur- 
ing the siege of Boston in 1775 and 1776, the office was removed 
to Cambridge, but was returned to Boston in April, soon after 
the evacuation of the town by the British troops. Mr. Hastings 
had his office on the eas't side of Washington Street, near State 
Street. He subsequent!}' removed to State Street, having his 
office where Brazier's Building now is, at the corner of Devon- 
shire Street, originally the site of the first meeting-house erected 
in Boston. Mr. Aaron Hill, on accession to office in 1869, 
removed the establishment to the Exchange Buildings, the large 
edifice more generally known as the Exchange Coffee House, on 
Congress Street. On the first of January, 1846, he removed to 
the building at the easterly corner of Water and Congress streets, 
which was designated as Merchants' Hall, and in which ;br 
many years was kept by the Topliffs the Reading Room and 
Merchants' Exchange, and for a very short time a market. 
Here the office was kept until the death of Mr. Hill, wliich 
occurred in 1829, and his successor, IMr. Greene, removed to 
the Old vState House at the head of State Street, where the 
office remained until the 1st of January, 1844, when it was 
removed to the Merchants' Exchange Building on State Street. 
Here it was allowed to remain until the 5th of March, 1859, 
when Mr. Capen took pos.session of the stone building at the 
corner of Summer and Chauncy streets. The office was moved 



11 

back to State Street on the 4th of June, 1860, and back again to 
Summer Street in the fall. On the 14th of December, 1861, the 
office was returned to its old quarters in State Street, and there 
it has remained, with now and then an improvement of the 
premises, until the present time. 

Dui ing the long [)eriod of lime since the establishment of the 
first office until the present time, the Government has not owned 
a Post Office building in Boston, but has been a tenant, and 
subject to the tender mercies of, fortunateh', accommodating 
landlords. May the time soon come when the new edifice will 
be completed, and Boston enjoy the privilege of a property con- 
structed and arranged buihhng for the Sub-Treasury and Post 
Office. 

Much might be said of the difficulties of transmitting corre- 
spondence in the olden time, and of the tardy and infrequent 
transmission of mails ; but, fortunately, a system now exists, 
and is constantly receiving improvements, which has remedied 
the defects of old arrangements, and has given to the present 
generation most admirable facilities, which in Boston can be 
brought to high perfection only when the new building shall 
afford the means and accommodations. 



OLD SOUTH MEETING HOUSE. 



The Ofigfin and ^^ Confession '' of the Founders. — The 
Six ** Desecrations '^ in its Varied History. — Sale of 
the Building in \Z16 and its Recent Uses. 



From Boylston Street there is an apparent obliquity in the 
beautiful spire which rears itself to the westward against the 
sky. Can it be, a worldling might say, that this symbolizes 
any obliquity in the Orthodox Old South, or that, on such 
foundations as form its base, the finger does not venture to 
point straight heavenward? Certain it is that in the history of 
that ecclesiastical organization there have been odd and crooked 
events, and it is strange enough to read now in the " confes- 
sion," which is its corner-stone, such words as these, to which 
pastors and members since 1680 to the present day have all 
assented : "By the decree of God, for the manifestation of his 
glory, some men and angels are predestinated into everlasting 
life, and others foreordained to everlasting death," and " much 
less can men not professing the Christian religion be saved in 
any other way whatsoever, be they never so diligent to frame 
their lives according to the light of nature, and the law of that 
religion they do profess ; and to assert and maintain that they 
may is very pernicious, and to be detested." 

It perhaps would not be thought wise to print and circulate 
this confession to-day as was done in 1841 by Bros. Cutler, 
Armstrong, and Sampson, under the authority of the church ; 
vet are not Mr. Gordon and his flock as much literally bound 
by it as was Rev. Samuel Willard and the congregation which 
gathered in the old Cedar Church on 

Mme. Norton's Land in t680? 

Nevertheless, the Old South, or Third Church, was formed 
by the liberals of the day, by seceders from the stricter brother- 
hood of the First Church. Whether it was civil or religious 



liberty these seceders sought ma}- well be questioned. Up to 
1669 the right of citizenship in Boston belonged only to church 
members ; that is, those persons who, having obtained assurance 
of election, or, as we should sa}', having " experienced reli- 
gion," were admitted to full communion, after having agreed to 
the covenant and confession, and thence to civil rights. What 
an extraordinar}^ effect the application of such a text would 
have upon municipal politics to-day ! The step which twenty- 
nine persons took on the 12th and 16th of May, 1669, to 
establish a new church, was really the first step taken in New 
England toward civil liberty, as it was founded on the platform 
of full rights and privileges to all baptized persons " not 
scandalous " of life, because the}- bore the burden of taxation 
and were liable to impressment in war. This bold and revolu- 
tionary stand was met at first by our gentle forefathers with 
denunciations from the House of Deputies, by great disturbances 
and the imprisonment of parties who had ventured to form a 
new church assembly, and who abstained from the authorized 
worship. 

It was rather owing to the pressure of numbers, than to any 
change of convictions, that the little band finally obtained per- 
mission from a new House of Deputies to set up their own 
tabernacle. P'or by this period many members of the churches 
of England and Scotland and others had settled in the town, 
and young persons had grown up who often preferred not to 
become church members. The time had gone by when it was 
safe to punish and fine them for even asking what was now 
grudgingly granted, first by the council, and then by the 
selectmen. 

And so, in 1670, the New Meeting House with two stories 
and spire was built on " the parcel of land situate, lying, and 
being within the Limmetts of Boston Towne," deeded b}^ Mary 
Norton, April 1, 1660, to her assured friends. Savage, Davis, 
Usher, Rawson, Hull, Oliver, Scottow, Trewsdall, Raynsford, 
and Elliott, and their associates, heirs, and successors for *' as- 
sembling themselves together publiquely to worship God . . . 
and for noe other intent, use or purpose whatever." The meet- 
ing house was surrounded with butternut trees, and stood 
nearly o[)posite School Street. Rev. Thomas Thacher, who at 
fifteen years of age was so conscientious that he would not go 



3 

to au English university, as his father wished, because he could 
not sign the necessary religious subscription, came to America 
in 1635, and after having practised both medicine and theology, 
was called to be 

The First Pastor 

of the South Church. He was a worthy and learned man, but 
his chief merit in the estimation of that patient and persevering 
generation was his " copiousness in prayer " (alas ! poor little 
Puritnns). The church speedily became one of the mo«t con- 
siderable in the country. Mr. Thacher was a hater of Quakers, 
and contributed much to the efforts made to relieve the province 
of that sect. 

It must be remembered that our forefathers did not in their 
day have to deal with the quiet and gentle Quaker of the mod- 
ern type, but that they were then moved by the Spirit to walk 
about the streets and to enter the churches and testify with 
blackened faces, with uplifted voices, and sometimes, as was 
the case with Deborah Wilson and others, '' naked as thej' came 
into the world." Mr. Gordon would probabl}'' not be blamed 
for instituting strong measures to punish or prevent such an 
intrusion into his aisle of a Sunday morning. 

Good Samuel Willard, however, who was appointed Mr. 
Thacher's colleague before the latter's death in 1678, and ruled 
alone for twenty-two years from the South pulpit, was a great 
and shining reproach to the madness of his day, — the witchcraft 
craze, — and stood out so stoutly against it that he was •' cried 
out on " by several witches, and probably nothing but the fact 
that three of the judges of the infamous tribunal — Stoughton, 
Sewall, and Winthrop — were members of his parish, and that 
his own character was so illustrious, saved him from danscer. 
One of the witches who accused him afterwards concluded he 
was mistaken in the person. It was during Mr. Willard's min- 
istry that the South Church was "■ desecrated " by the enforced 
occupation of the Episcopal church at alternate hours, under 
Gov. Andros. This, for so it is styled by Dr. Wisner, pastor 
of the Old South half a century ago, was the first of the cycle of 
" desecrations " of the Lord's house, of which, looking back- 
wards with the e3'es of the founders, we may count six, includ- 
ing that now recorded on the granite tablet on the front of the 
buildins:. 



Willard, dying in 1707, was succeeded b}' Pembertou and 
Sewall, father of Judge Sewall, at first a coUeaizue of Pember- 
ton, and afterwards senior pastor until his death in 1769 at the 
age of eighty, which brings us almost to the Revolutionar}' 
period. A great event during Sewall's ministry, which led to 
a revival of religion and to the addition of eighty communicants 
to the Old South Church alone, was the 

Celebrated Earthquake of M21 ■ 

It is rather startling to be reminded of this event in our 
own era of monstrous buildings. Should the phenomenon be 
repeated in modern Boston, with its eight and nine storj' struc- 
tures of stone and brick, there would be a pretty general wreck 
and destruction and a loss of life that would leave a considerably 
reduced number of human souls to submit themselves to religious 
exercises. For in the modest structures of the day, " movables, 
doors, windows and walls, especiallj'- in the upper chambers, 
made a very fearful clattering, and the houses rocked and 
crackled as if they were all dissolving and falling to pieces." 
It was not a very worldly-wise proceeding, for a large building, 
humanly speaking, was not a particularly safe resort ; but the 
next night the meeting-house was crowded, and the people's 
excited feelings were stirred up by vehement appeals to repent- 
ance from the pulpit. 

Under Sewall's pastorate the present building which we call 
the Old South was erected in 1729 and occupied in 1730, the 
congregation meantime meeting in the iiouse of the Old Church. 
It was characteristic of the times that Dr. Sewall prayed with 
the workmen before they began the demolition of the old struc- 
ture, and equally so that pious observers noted that, in going 
on with the building which succeeded it, during the outside 
work the workmen were never once hindered b}' foul weather. 
There was a double tier of galleries on three sides, on the fourth 
side a great "tub "pulpit and sounding board, and the floor 
was covered with square pews. Among the names of the pew- 
holders on a plan of 1730, there occur those of Kilby, Brom- 
field. Brattle, Goffe, Pembertou, and Hoh'oke, along with those 
still common among us, like Oliver, Winslow, Walle}^ Loring, 
and Savage. There now soon occurred the great revival under 



Whitefiekl, who came to Boston in 1740 and preached not only 
in the churches but on the Common, because no building was 
large enough to hold those who desired to hear him, and no 
license was then required therefor. It is stated rather incred- 
ibly, considering the size of the town, that twenty thousand 
persons attended bis farewell sermon at that place. One hundred 
persons joined the South Church, and it is recorded that there was 

Only One Backslider 

among them, which looks like more solid and thorough work 
than is usually effected by such extreme means. Certain it is 
that no such apparent religious influences ever were brought to 
bear on the community before or since. The general look and 
carriage of the people were changed. " Tippling houses were 
deserted, vicious associations broken up ; and the great mass of 
the community for a time mainly attentive to the concerns of 
their souls." 

Mr. Sewall had as colleagues Mr. Prince, Mr. Gumming, 
and Mr. Blair. Mr. Prince was the collector of the famous 
Prince Library, which he bequeathed to the church at his death. 
It was left with criminal negligence for more than thirty years 
in boxes and l)arrels in a room under the belfr}' of the meeting- 
house, without care and attention, whence it was rescued by 
the efforts of the Massachusetts Historical Society in 1814, and 
it is now deposited in the Public Librar}-. Dr. Prince was one 
of the most pious men of his day, but it marks a certain prog- 
ress in the present time that a particular instance of his piety 
in prayer is rather shocking than exemplary to a modern reader ; 
for when the French fleet was thought to be threatening Boston 
in 1740, while Dr. Prince was fervently praying in church that 
the dreaded calamity might be averted, a gust of wind arose. 
The reverend gentleman paused, looked round upon the congre- 
gation with a hopeful smile, and then proceeded to supplicate 
the Almighty that iliat wind might save the country from con- 
quest and p()per3^ A tempest followed, the French fleet was 
wrecked on the coast of Nova Scotia and the Due d'Anville and 
his lieutenant committed suicide — owing to Dr. Prince's prayer I 
Princeton (named for Dr. Prince) ma}' still consider this reason- 
able doctrine and good Christianity, but to most men's minds 



in the nineteenth ceutuiT, it savors of the Old Testament rather 
than the New, tliough Mr. Longfellow has made some ringing 
poetr}' out of the incident. 

Mr. Bacon and Mr. Hunt were colleague pastors in 1771, but 
the former soon resigned, and Mr. Hunt was sole pastor until 
his death in 1775. Taking an impartial and purely historical 
standpoint, now came what to the e3'es of manj^ of its members 
was 

Anotlier Desecration 

of the South Church. The Revolutionary meetings, the gather- 
ino- of the '* rioters" who took the tea from the East India 
Com])any's vessels, the turbulent assembly' which met to 
denounce the Boston massacre, were all undoubtedly abhorrent 
to the larger part of the proprietors and congregation of the 
South Church, belonging to the better classes, who regarded 
such a use of God's house as irreverent, even more than they 
deplored it as disloyal. At that time, with the exception of a 
few leadens, and even of these the chiefs, Hancock and Adams, 
were not regarded altogether with respect by their contempo- 
raries, the lower classes were the active movers in the disturb- 
ances, and when the evacuation took place, it has been said that 
it was as though Beacon Street and the Back Bay were deserted 
by their inhabitants and the city left to the rest of its population. 
Mr. Hunt, happening to be on a visit in Brookline, got shut 
out wlien the gates were closed, and died in Northampton during 
the siege. Now came the third desecration, the use of the 
meeting house as a riding school for Burgoyne's cavalry, prob- 
ably not so shocking to the congregation who now worshipped 
in other houses as though the " holy place " had not been long 
associated with political as well as rehgious uses. The chief 
alleo-ation of wantonness a":ainst the British has been that they 
used some of Dr. Trince's papers to kindle their fires. But as 
the Old South proprietors had treated them for years as rubbish, 
and continued to do so for years afterward, this was not to be 
wondered at. This accusation of wanton destruction in the 
Old South and other meeting houses was made with bitterness 
by a pastr>r of the Old South sixty years ago, who repeats the 
slanders of the Revolutionary party, that while there was plenty 
of fuel in the town, the soldiers burnt parts of churches out of 



mere malice. Original records were even more accessible t(^ bim 
than to us, which not only prove a very bitter dearth of fuel in 
1775-76 in Boston, but that the most rigid regulations were 
enforced by Gen. Howe to prevent the destruction of any but 
the oldest and most superfluous buildings, or parts of buihlings, 
and that the rules of military necessity seem to have been almost 
punctiliously observed. Boston was not deserted, but occupied 
by her own inhabitants, and among the ladies who witnessed 
the manege of the British officers from the sjallerv of the 
Old South, fitted up for their accommodation, were tljose of 
many families of its proprietors and leading people of the 
congregation. 

After the Evacuation, 

the Old South people used the deserted King's Chapel, in their 
turn *' desecrating " the walls of the "established church. " 
Nov. 2, 1783, under Rev. Joseph Eckley, who had been called 
to the pastorate, the meeting house was reopened. Mr. Eckley 
inclined toward Unitarianism, and perhaps had he lived longer 
the Old South might have drifted along with the First and other 
Congregational churches into liberality of creed and practice. 
But Mr. Huntington and Dr. Wisner, his successors, were men 
of the old school, and while the sister churches of the communion 
were sadly recognized by them as having departed from the 
faith of the fathers, the Old South braced up, and has since 
continued to stand rigidly upon the ancient foundation. 

The fourth great " desecration " in the Old South (called so, 
though the name has been used for convenience, only in 1817 
when the New South was built in Summer Street) was brought 
to light in 1860 by Mr. Joseph Ballard, long a member of the 
Old South, but who was constrained to bring suit against the 
society because he found that the trust funds left for the use of 
the poor b}^ many benevolent persons had been diverted from 
their originid intentions, and were held and handled as the 
general property of the society. He could not induce the pro- 
prietors to take an}' notice of that state of things, which had 
existed since the beginning of the century, and was obliged to 
resort to law, finally establishing, January, 1867, after seven 
3'ears and a half of litigation, by the decree of court, the trust, 



8 



to be paid over to the ministers and deacons to be administered 
as originally prescribed. 

Mr. Stearns followed Dr. Wisner, and then came thirty 3'ears 
of the prosperous and pleasant ministrations of genial Dr. 
Blagden, whose cheerful temperament veiled his grim doctrine. 
Of course the good doctor was conservative and Whig in poli- 
tics, but he loved his neighbors, and his neighbors loved and 
respected him. 

The fifth " desecration" of the Old South came when the 
proprietors asked and got leave to sell the estate given by Mme. 
Norton, *' for noe other intent, use or purpose whatever" tlian 
for the site of a house for the worship of God. It was a bare 
majorit}' that voted to do this unnecessary thing ; unnecessar}', 
because when this permission was granted them in 1874, the 
society was rich enough to complete the new church building on 
the Back Bay without this sale, and the minority' earnestl}' con- 
tended for the use of a " down town" church like Trinity in 
New York. Leave to lease had already been granted to the 
United States as a post-office after the fire of 1872. 

The Sale of the Building; 

at auction, June 8, 1876, to be removed within sixt}' days, the 
frantic efforts made to redeem it, the hard front of the society, 
proceeding on the most rigid business principles, granting no 
dela}', the " Oak Hall" interlude when G. W. Simmons & Son 
hung out their banner on the tower as saviors of the Old South, 
having bought the right to hold the building seven da3-s, the 
meetings, subscription papers, and final purchase by Mr. Kidder 
and Mrs. Hemenwa}' and others, are fresh in man}' minds. 

But the sixth and last " desecration " of the Old South was 
certainl}^ committed when the societ}' insisted upon the insertion 
in the deed of sale of a condition that the meeting house erected 
on Mme. Norton's trust " publiquely to worship God" should 
not be opened for any purpose on the Sabbath ! The condition 
was afterward annulled bv act of Legislature. 

The amounts spent on litigation in these affairs have been 
enormous, and the story of the Old South, from the ecclesiastical 
standpoint, it is seen, has its obliquities ! Dropping out a 
century or so, a pious well wisher connects Thacher, Willard, 



Pemberton, Sewall, and Prince and their excellent works and 
holy lives straight with good Dr. Manning and Mr. Gordon and 
their flock, and wipes out a prett}- queer intervening slate. 

The New Old South has a splendid building at the corner of 
Dartmouth and Boylston streets, and supports the Hope Mission 
Chapel. Mr. Carr presides over the organ, and an excellent 
choir supplies a fastidious congregation with music. But the 
old meeting house, whose historical associations even are con- 
fused by the variety and incongruity of its recent uses, is a 
temple of the diorama, and the old Spring Lane Chapel is a 
hive of busy trade and manufactures. 

PHILIP VENN. 



' L 



r. 



\umi\mmnmmmm 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 






